Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/472)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

and said, “Messenger of Allah, what do you think (1) if a man comes to take my wealth?” He replied, “Do not hand over your property to him.” He asked, “What if he fights me?” He said, “Then fight him.” He said, “What if he kills me?” He answered, “Then you are a martyr.” He asked, “What if I kill him?” He said, “He will be in the Fire.” Narrated by Muslim.

236 – Chapter: The Excellence of Manumission

Allah the Exalted says: “Yet he has not attempted the steep path (2). And what will make you understand what the steep path is? It is the freeing of a slave.” [Al-Balad 90:11-13]

1366 – Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Whoever sets free a Muslim slave, Allah will release—limb for limb—an equal limb of his from the Fire, even his private part for the slave’s private part.” Agreed upon.

1367 – Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with him, said: I asked, “Messenger of Allah, which deeds are best?” He replied, “Faith in Allah and striving in His cause.” I said, “Which slaves are best to set free?” He answered, “Those which are most precious to their owners and highest in price.” Agreed upon.

237 – Chapter: The Excellence of Kindness toward One’s Servant

Allah the Exalted says: “Worship Allah and associate nothing with Him, and show kindness to parents, to relatives, to orphans, to the needy, to the near neighbor, the distant neighbor, the companion at your side, the wayfarer, and those whom your right hands possess (3).” [Al-Nisāʾ 4:36]

(1) It means: “Tell me if he intends to seize it unjustly”; the implied question is, “So what should I do?” (2) He came in and pushed past forcefully. The phrase fakk al-raqaba (“untying a neck”) signifies freeing a slave. (3) “ma malakat aymanukum” (“those whom your right hands possess”), that is, one’s slaves.

فقال : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَرَأَيْتَ (١) إِنْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ يُرِيدُ أَخْذَ مَالِي ؟ قال : « فَلَا تُعْطِهِ مَالَكَ » قال : أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ قَاتَلَنِي ؟ قال : « قَاتِلْهُ » قال : أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ قَتَلَنِي ؟ قال : « فَأَنْتَ شَهِيدٌ » قال : أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ ؟ قال : « هُوَ فِي النَّارِ » رواه مسلم . ٢٣٦ - باب فضل العتق قال اللَّهُ تعالى : « فَلَا اقْتَحَمَ (٢) الْعَقَبَةَ ، وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْعَقَبَةُ ؟ فَكُّ رَقَبَةٍ ﴾ [ البلد : ١١ - ١٣ ] . ١٣٦٦ - وعن أبي هريرة رضي اللَّه عنه قال : قال لي رسول اللَّه ﷺ : « مَنْ أَعْتَقَ رَقَبَةً مُسْلِمَةً أَعْتَقَ اللَّهُ بِكُلِّ عُضْوٍ مِنْهُ ، عُضْوًا مِنْهُ مِنَ النَّارِ ، حَتَّى فَرْجَهُ بِفَرْجِهِ » متفق عليه . ١٣٦٧ - وعن أبي ذر رضي اللَّه عنه قال : قلت : يا رسول اللَّه أَيُّ الْأَعْمَالِ أَفْضَلُ ؟ قال : « الْإِيمَانُ بِاللَّهِ ، وَالْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ » قال : قلت : أَيُّ الرِّقَابِ أَفْضَلُ ؟ قال : « أَنْفُسُهَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِهَا ، وَأَكْثَرُهَا ثَمَنًا » متفق عليه . ٢٣٧ - باب فضل الإحسان إلى المملوك قال اللَّهُ تعالى : ﴿ وَاعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا ، وَبِذِي الْقُرْبَى ، وَالْيَتَامَى ، وَالْمَسَاكِينِ ، وَالْجَارِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى ، وَالْجَارِ الْجُنُبِ ، وَالصَّاحِبِ بِالْجَنْبِ ، وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ ، وَمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ (٣) ﴾ [ النساء : ٣٦ ] .

(١) أي : أخبرني إن أراد أخذه بغير حق وتقدير الكلام ؛ فما أفعل ؟ (٢) دخل وتجاوز بشدة . و ( فك الرقبة ) : تخليصها من الرق . (٣) ﴿ مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ ﴾ ، أي : المماليك .