Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/438)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

garden, not a single mouthful do they crop from that meadow or that garden without an equal number of good deeds being recorded for him; he is likewise granted good deeds for every pile of dung and every drop of urine they produce. They do not stretch their tether(1) and climb one rise or two without Allah writing for him, for every hoof-print they leave and every dropping, good deeds. Nor does their owner pass by them beside a river so that they drink from it, though he had not meant to water them, without Allah granting him, for every gulp they take, a like number of good deeds.’

They asked, ‘O Messenger of Allah, what about donkeys?’ He replied, ‘Nothing has been revealed to me regarding donkeys except this single, all-inclusive verse(2): “So whoever does an atom’s weight of good shall see it, and whoever does an atom’s weight of evil shall see it.”’ [Agreed upon; this is Muslim’s wording].

217 – Chapter: The obligation of fasting Ramadan and an explanation of the virtue of fasting and related rulings

Allah the Exalted said: ‘O you who believe, fasting has been prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you…’ up to His words: ‘The month of Ramadan, in which the Quran was sent down as guidance for humanity and as clear proofs of guidance and the Criterion. So whoever among you witnesses the month, let him fast it; and whoever is ill or on a journey—then an equal number of other days.’ [Al-Baqarah 2:183-185].

As for the prophetic traditions, some have already been cited in the preceding chapter.

1223 – Abū Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: “Every deed of the son of Adam is for him, except fasting; it is Mine and I alone will reward for it. Fasting is a shield. When one of you is observing a fast, let him neither indulge in obscene speech nor raise his voice; if someone insults him or—”'}

(1) Vocalized with a kasra on its initial dot-less consonant and a fatha on the light waw, the word denotes a long tether: one end is fastened to a stake and the other to the horse’s foreleg so that it circles around, grazing nearby without straying. The verb istannat means “the mare ran about in its pasture, restoring its energy,” and al-sharaf designates a single lap (shawt). (2) al-fadha means “the solitary one,” i.e., something that stands alone in meaning, while the Prophet’s phrase al-jamiʿa refers to “that which gathers every kind of virtue.” (3) That is, a safeguard from the Fire or from sinful acts. (4) al-rafath is obscene speech, and al-sakhb (with an open kh) means loud clamour.

الرَّوْضَةُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُ عَدَدَ مَا أَكَلَتْ حَسَنَاتٍ وَكُتِبَ لَهُ عَدَدُ أَرْوَائِهَا وَأَبْوَالِهَا حَسَنَاتٍ ، وَلَا تَقْطَعُ طُولَهَا(١) فَاسْتَتَّتْ شَرَفًا أَوْ شَرَفَيْنِ إِلَّا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ عَدَدَ آثَارِهَا ، وَأَرْوَائِهَا حَسَنَاتٍ ، وَلَا مَرَّ بِهَا صَاحِبُهَا عَلَى نَهْرٍ ، فَشَرِبَتْ مِنْهُ ، وَلَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَسْقِيَهَا إِلَّا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ عَدَدَ مَا شَرِبَتْ حَسَنَاتٍ » قِيلَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَالْحُمُرُ ؟ قَالَ : « مَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَيَّ فِي الْحُمُرِ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ الْفَاذَّةُ(٢) الْجَامِعَةُ : ﴿ فَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُ وَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَرَهُ ﴾ » متفق عليه . وهذا لفظ مسلم . ٢١٧ - باب وجوب صوم رمضان وبيان فضل الصيام وما يتعلق به قال اللَّهُ تعالى : ﴿ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ كَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ ﴾ إلى قوله تعالى : ﴿ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ هُدًى لِلنَّاسِ ، وَبَيِّنَاتٍ مِنَ الْهُدَى وَالْفُرْقَانِ فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ . وَمَنْ كَانَ مَرِيضًا ، أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ ، فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ ﴾ [ البقرة : ١٨٣ - ١٨٥ ] . وأما الأحاديث فقد تقدمت في الباب الذي قبله . ١٢٢٣ - وعن أبي هريرة رضي اللَّهُ عنه قال : قال رسول اللَّهِ ﷺ : « قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : كُلُّ عَمَلِ ابْنِ آدَمَ لَهُ إِلَّا الصِّيَامَ ، فَإِنَّهُ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ ، وَالصِّيَامُ جُنَّةٌ(٣) ، فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ صَوْمِ أَحَدِكُمْ فَلَا يَرْفُثْ(٤) وَلَا يَصْخَبْ فَإِنْ سَابَّهُ أَحَدٌ أَوْ

(١) بكسر المهملة وفتح الواو الخفيفة، وهو حبل طويل يشد طرفه في نحو وتد وطرفه الآخر في يد الفرس أو رجلها لتدور فيه وترعى من جوانبها ولا تذهب لوجهها . و ( استنت ) أي : عدت في مرجها لتوفر نشاطها . و ( الشرف ) : الشوط . (٢) الفاذة : أي : المنفردة في معناها ، وقوله ﷺ : ( الجامعة ) أي : لأنواع البر . (٣) أي : وقاية من النار أو المعاصي . (٤) الرفث : الكلام الفاحش . و ( الصخب ) بفتح الخاء : اللغط .