1159 – Abu Saʿīd al-Khudrī (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “A ritual bath on Friday is obligatory for every adult.” Agreed upon.
The term muḥtalim refers to one who has reached puberty, while “obligatory” here denotes an obligation of preference, like a man’s saying to his companion, “Your right is binding upon me.” Allah knows best.
1160 – Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Whoever performs ablution on Friday, that is good and excellent(1); but whoever performs a ritual bath, then the bath is superior.” Narrated by Abū Dāwūd and al-Tirmidhī, who graded it ḥasan (fair).
1161 – Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “No man takes a ritual bath on Friday, purifies himself as best he can, applies oil to his hair or touches some perfume from his house, then goes out without separating two people, performs whatever prayer is written for him, and listens attentively when the imam speaks, except that his sins between that Friday and the next are forgiven.” Narrated by al-Bukhārī.
1162 – Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Whoever takes a ritual bath on Friday like the bath for major impurity, then goes out in the first hour, it is as though he had offered a camel. Whoever goes out in the second hour, it is as though he had offered a cow. Whoever goes out in the third hour, it is as though he had offered a horned ram. Whoever goes out in the fourth hour, it is as though he had offered a chicken. Whoever goes out in the fifth hour, it is as though he had offered an egg. When the imam comes out, the angels are present, listening to the remembrance.” Agreed upon.
His words “the bath for major impurity” mean a bath performed in the same manner as the bath required after major impurity.
1163 – And from him: the Messenger of Allah ﷺ mentioned Friday and said, “Within it there is an hour in which …”
(1) I.e., it suffices and is commendable.