Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/278)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

He explained, “It means a cheerful face, extending kindness, and holding back harm; and the best of you are those who are best to their wives.” Reported by al-Tirmidhī, who graded it ḥasan ṣaḥīḥ (sound and authentic).

634 – ʿĀʾishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, “Through his good character a believer may attain the rank of one who fasts by day and stands in prayer by night.” Narrated by Abū Dāwūd.

635 – Abū Umāmah al-Bāhilī (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “I am a guarantor of a house on the outskirts of Paradise (1) for whoever abandons argument even when he is right; of a house in the middle of Paradise for whoever leaves off lying even in jest; and of a house in the highest part of Paradise for whoever perfects his character.” A sound hadith, narrated by Abū Dāwūd with an authentic chain.

“Az-zaʿīm” means “the guarantor.”

636 – Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “The dearest of you to me, and the ones who will sit nearest to me on the Day of Resurrection, are those who are best in character; while the most detested of you to me and the farthest from me on the Day of Resurrection are the long-winded, the pretentious, and the bombastic.” They asked, “Messenger of Allah, we know the long-winded and the pretentious, but who are the bombastic?” He replied, “The arrogant.” Narrated by al-Tirmidhī, who graded it ḥasan (good). (2)

“Al-tharthār” is one who speaks excessively and affectedly. “Al-mutashaddiq” is the person who speaks down to others, filling his mouth with words to parade his eloquence and magnify his speech. “Al-mutafayhiq” derives from a root meaning “to be full”; it is the one who crams his mouth with speech, expanding upon it and using rare expressions out of arrogance, self-importance, and to flaunt superiority over others.

Al-Tirmidhī also narrated from ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak—may Allah have mercy on him—concerning the explanation of good character

(1) Rabd al-jannah refers to the belt surrounding Paradise but lying outside it, likened to the structures that encircle a city beneath its fortifications; the intended meaning here is disputation. (2) Nasir al-Din al-Albani graded the hadith as sahih; see Nasir al-Din al-Albani, Sahih Sunan al-Tirmidhi (with abridged isnads), no. 1642.

وَخِيَارُكُمْ خِيَارُكُمْ لِنِسَائِهِمْ » رواه الترمذي وقال : حديث حسن صحيح . ٦٣٤ - وعن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت : سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول : « إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ لَيُدْرِكُ بِحُسْنِ خُلُقِهِ دَرَجَةَ الصَّائِمِ الْقَائِمِ » رواه أبو داود . ٦٣٥ - وعن أبي أمامة الباهلي رضي الله عنه قال : قال رسول الله ﷺ : « أَنَا زَعِيمٌ بِبَيْتٍ فِي رَبَضِ الْجَنَّةِ (١) لِمَنْ تَرَكَ الْمِرَاءَ ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مُحِقّاً ، وَبِبَيْتٍ فِي وَسَطِ الْجَنَّةِ لِمَنْ تَرَكَ الْكَذِبَ ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مَازِحاً ، وَبِبَيْتٍ فِي أَعْلَى الْجَنَّةِ لِمَنْ حَسُنَ خُلُقُهُ » . حديث صحيح ، رواه أبو داود بإسناد صحيح . « الزَّعِيمُ » : الضَّامِنُ . ٦٣٦ - وعن جابر رضي الله عنه ، أن رسول الله ﷺ قال : « إِنَّ مِنْ أَحَبِّكُمْ إِلَيَّ ، وَأَقْرَبِكُمْ مِنِّي مَجْلِساً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ، أَحَاسِنَكُمْ أَخْلَاقاً ، وَإِنَّ أَبْغَضَكُمْ إِلَيَّ وَأَبْعَدَكُمْ مِنِّي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ، الثَّرْثَارُونَ وَالْمُتَشَدِّقُونَ وَالْمُتَفَيْهِقُونَ » قالوا : يا رسول الله قَدْ عَلِمْنَا الثَّرْثَارُونَ وَالْمُتَشَدِّقُونَ ، فَمَا الْمُتَفَيْهِقُونَ ؟ قال : « الْمُتَكَبِّرُونَ » رواه الترمذي وقال : حديث حسن (٢) . « الثَّرْثَارُ » : هُوَ كَثِيرُ الْكَلَامِ تَكَلُّفاً . وَ « الْمُتَشَدِّقُ » : الْمُتَطَاوِلُ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِكَلَامِهِ ، وَيَتَكَلَّمُ بِمِلْءِ فِيهِ تَفَاصُحاً وَتَعْظِيماً لِكَلَامِهِ ، وَ « الْمُتَفَيْهِقُ » أَصْلُهُ مِنَ الْفَهْقِ وَهُوَ الْإِمْتِلَاءُ ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي يَمْلأُ فَمَهُ بِالْكَلَامِ ، وَيَتَوَسَّعُ فِيهِ ، وَيُغْرِبُ بِهِ تَكَبُّراً وَارْتِفَاعاً ، وَإِظْهَاراً لِلْفَضِيلَةِ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ . وروى الترمذي عن عبد الله المبارك رحمه الله في تفسير حُسْنِ الْخُلُقِ

(١) ربض الجنة : ما حولها خارجاً عنها تشبيهاً بالأبنية التي تكون حول المدينة وتحت القلاع . ( والمراد ) : الجدال . (٢) قال عنه ناصر : « صحيح » انظر « صحيح سنن الترمذي - باختصار السند - » برقم ١٦٤٢ .