Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/168)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

your shoulders (1). Agreed upon.

It has also been narrated with the wording “khashabahu” (his beams) in the construct, plural form, and with “khashabatan” (a beam) in the indefinite, singular form. His remark, “Why do I see you turning away from it?” refers to neglecting this Sunnah.

313 – Abū Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) further reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day must not harm his neighbor; whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should honor his guest; and whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should speak good (2) or remain silent.” Agreed upon.

314 – Abū Shurayḥ al-Khuzāʿī (may Allah be pleased with him) related that the Prophet ﷺ said, “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should treat his neighbor well; whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should honor his guest; and whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should speak good or keep silent.” Narrated by Muslim with this wording; al-Bukhārī recorded part of it.

315 – ʿĀʾishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: I asked, “Messenger of Allah, I have two neighbors; to which of them should I send a gift?” He replied, “To the one whose door is nearer to you.” Reported by al-Bukhārī.

316 – ʿAbdullāh ibn ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “The best companions in Allah’s estimation are those who are best to their companions, and the best neighbors in Allah’s estimation are those who are best to their neighbors.” Related by al-Tirmidhī, who graded it good (ḥasan).

40 – Chapter: Dutifulness to Parents and Maintaining the Ties of Kinship

Allah the Exalted says: “Worship Allah and associate nothing with Him, and show kindness to parents…” ⦗An-Nisāʾ 4:36⦘

(1) The term is the plural of katif (shoulder) and here means “among you.” From this hadith the jurists inferred that one must allow a neighbor to rest his wooden beams on one’s wall—a view held by Ahmad ibn Hanbal and others. (2) Al-Shafii, may Allah be pleased with him, said that one may speak only after deliberate reflection; if it is clearly beneficial, causes no harm, and does not lead to unlawful or disliked speech, then he may proceed to say it.

أَكْتَافِكُمْ (١) . متفق عليه . رُوِيَ «خَشَبَهُ» بِالْإِضَافَةِ وَالْجَمْعِ ، وَرُوِيَ «خَشَبَةً» بِالتَّنْوِينِ عَلَى الْإِفْرَادِ . وَقوله : مالي أراكم عنها مُعْرِضِينَ : يَعْنِي عَنْ هَذِهِ السُّنَّةِ . ٣١٣ - وعنه أن رسول الله ﷺ قال : « مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلَا يُؤْذِ جَارَهُ ، وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيُكْرِمْ ضَيْفَهُ ، وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيَقُلْ خَيْرًا (٢) ، أَوْ لِيَسْكُتْ » متفق عليه . ٣١٤ - وعن أبي شُرَيْحٍ الْخُزَاعِيِّ رضي الله عنه ، أن النبي ﷺ قال : « مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيُحْسِنْ إِلَى جَارِهِ ، وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيُكْرِمْ ضَيْفَهُ ، وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيَقُلْ خَيْرًا أَوْ لِيَسْكُتْ » رواه مسلم . بهذا اللفظ ، وروى البخاري بعضه . ٣١٥ - وعن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت : قلت : يا رسول الله إن لي جارين فإلى أيهما أهدي ؟ قال : « إِلَى أَقْرَبِهِمَا مِنْكِ بَاباً » رواه البخاري . ٣١٦ - وعن عبد الله بن عمر رضي الله عنهما قال : قال رسول الله ﷺ : « خَيْرُ الْأَصْحَابِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى خَيْرُهُمْ لِصَاحِبِهِ ، وَخَيْرُ الْجِيرَانِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى خَيْرُهُمْ لِجَارِهِ » رواه الترمذي وقال : حديث حسن . ٤٠ - باب بر الوالدين وصلة الأرحام قال الله تعالى : ﴿ وَأَعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا ﴾

(١) جمع كتف . أي : بينكم . وفيه وجوب تمكين الجار من وضع الخشب على جدار جاره وهو مذهب أحمد وغيره . (٢) قال الشافعي رضي الله عنه : لكن بعد أن يتفكر فيما يريد أن يتكلم به فإذا ظهر له أنه خير محقق ، لا يترتب عليه مفسدة ، ولا يجر إلى كلام محرم أو مكروه ، أتى به .