Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/153)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

you stole—but she had not; so I said, “O Allah, make me like her.” ” Agreed upon.

The plural form al-muʾmināt is read with a ḍamma on the first mīm, a silent wāw, a kasra on the second mīm, and an ordinary sīn; it refers to women who commit fornication. The singular al-muʾmina likewise means “a woman who fornicates.” His phrase “a dābbah fārihah” — with a fāʾ — means a well-trained, valuable mount. The word ash-shārah, spelled with a shīn and a light rāʾ, denotes conspicuous elegance in appearance and clothing. The expression “tarājaʿā al-ḥadīth” means that only the child spoke with her. Allah knows best.

33 – Chapter
Showing kindness to the orphan, to girls, and to all who are weak or poor; caring for the broken-hearted, treating them well, having compassion for them, humbling oneself with them, and lowering the wing of mercy toward them.

Allah the Exalted says: “And lower your wing to the believers” [Al-Ḥijr 15:88];

and He says: “Keep yourself patient with those who call upon their Lord morning and evening, seeking His Face, and let not your eyes pass beyond them desiring the adornment of worldly life” [Al-Kahf 18:28];

and He says: “So as for the orphan, do not oppress him (1), and as for the beggar, do not repel him” [Aḍ-Ḍuḥā 93:9-10];

and He says: “Have you seen the one who denies the recompense? (2) It is he who repulses the orphan, and does not encourage the feeding of the needy” [Al-Māʿūn 107:1-3].

265 – Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqāṣ (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “We were six men in the company of the Prophet ﷺ. The idolaters said to the Prophet ﷺ, ‘Expel these men— they are too bold with us,’ and I, together with Ibn …”

(1) In other words, do not exploit his weakness to seize his property. The phrase “fa-la tanhar” (so do not rebuke) means: do not shout at him; instead either give him what he seeks or dismiss him courteously. (2) That is, by reward in the Hereafter or through his acceptance of Islam. “Yadʿu al-yatim” (he pushes the orphan) means he drives him away roughly, and “wa-la yaḥuḍḍu ʿalā ṭaʿāmi al-miskīn” (he does not urge feeding the needy) means he neither does so himself nor encourages others, because he denies the Day of Recompense. (3) Meaning the six individuals just mentioned. “Lā yajtariʾūna ʿalaynā” (they do not dare affront us) is said so that they will not grow insolent toward us.

تَسْرِقُ ، فَقُلْتُ : « اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِثْلَهَا » متفق عليه . « الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ » بِضَمِّ المِيمِ الأُولَى ، وَإِسْكَانِ الوَاوِ وَكَسْرِ المِيمِ الثَّانِيَةِ وَبِالسِّينِ المُهْمَلَةِ ، وَهُنَّ الزَّوَانِي . وَالْمُؤْمِنَةُ : الزَّانِيَةُ . وَقَوْلُهُ : « دَابَّةٌ فَارِهَةٌ » بِالْفَاءِ : أَيْ حَاذِقَةٌ نَفِيسَةٌ . وَ « الشَّارَّةُ » بِالشِّينِ المُعْجَمَةِ وَتَخْفِيفِ الرَّاءِ : وَهِيَ الْجَمَالُ الظَّاهِرُ فِي الهَيْئَةِ وَالْمَلْبَسِ . وَمَعْنَى « تَرَاجَعَا الْحَدِيثَ » أَيْ : حَدَّثَ الصَّبِيُّ وَحْدَهَا ، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ . ٣٣ - باب ملاطفة اليتيم والبنات وسائر الضعفة والمساكين والمتكسرين والإحسان إليهم والشفقة عليهم والتواضع معهم ، وخفض الجناح لهم قال الله تعالى : ﴿ وَأَخْفِضْ جَنَاحَكَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ﴾ [ الحجر : ٨٨ ] وقال تعالى : ﴿ وَاصْبِرْ نَفْسَكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُم بِالْغَدَاةِ وَالْعَشِيِّ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَهُ وَلَا تَعْدُ عَيْنَاكَ عَنْهُمْ تُرِيدُ زِينَةَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا ﴾ [ الكهف : ٢٨ ] وقال تعالى : ﴿ فَأَمَّا الْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تَقْهَرْ(١) وَأَمَّا السَّائِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ ﴾ [ الضحى : ٩ - ١٠ ] وقال تعالى : ﴿ أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ (٢) فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَى طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ ﴾ [ الماعون : ١ - ٣ ] . ٢٦٥ - وعن سعد بن أبي وقاص رضي الله عنه قال : كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ سِتَّةَ نَفَرٍ ، فَقَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ : أَطْرُدْ هَؤُلَاءِ (٣) لَا يَجْتَرِئُونَ عَلَيْنَا ، وَكُنْتُ أَنَا وَابْنُ

(١) أي : لا تغلبه على ماله لضعفه . ( فلا تنهر ) أي : لا تزجر ولكن اعطه ، أو رده ردا جميلا . (٢) أي : بالجزاء أو الإسلام . ( يدع اليتيم ) أي : يدفعه دفعا عنيفا ، ( ولا يحض على طعام المسكين ) أي : لا يفعل ذلك بنفسه ، ولا يحرض غيره عليه ، لأنه يكذب بالجزاء . (٣) أي : الستة المذكورين . ( لا يجترئون علينا ) أي : لئلا يحصل منهم الجرأة علينا .