Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/149)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

who signaled to him. Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, then raised his hand, praised Allah, and backed away step by step until he stood in the row. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ (1) advanced and led the people in prayer. When he finished, he faced them and said, “People! Why is it that when something occurs during the prayer you start clapping? Clapping is only for women. If something happens to someone in his prayer, let him say: subḥāna-llāh (Glory be to Allah); no one hears him say subḥāna-llāh except that he will turn to see what is the matter. Abu Bakr, what prevented you from leading the people when I signaled to you?” He replied, “It was not proper for the son of Abū Quḥāfah to lead the people while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was present.” (2) Agreed upon.

The meaning of hubisa is: they held him back in order to host him.

32 – Chapter: The virtue of the weak Muslims, the poor, and the unnoticed.

Allah the Exalted says: “And keep yourself patient with those who call upon their Lord morning and evening, seeking His Face, and do not let your eyes turn away from them (3).” [al-Kahf 18:28]

257 – Ḥārithah ibn Wahb, may Allah be pleased with him, reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, “Shall I not tell you about the people of Paradise? Every weak (4) person who is considered weak; were he to swear by Allah, He would fulfill it (5). Shall I not tell you about the people of the Fire? Every harsh, greedy hoarder who is arrogant.” Agreed upon.

‘al-ʿatl’: the coarse, hard-hearted man. ‘al-jawwāẓ’: with a fatḥa on the jīm, a shadda on the wāw, and a dotted ẓāʾ—he is the avaricious hoarder who amasses and withholds; some said it refers to the big man who swaggers in his walk, and others said: the short, stout-bellied one.

(1) Al-Bukhari adds in one of his versions: “Stay where you are.” (2) In Ahmad’s version (5/338): “He said, ‘I raised my hands because I praised Allah for what I observed from you; and it was not proper for Ibn Abi Quhafa to lead the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in prayer.’” The chain of transmission is authentic. (3) That is, do not allow your gaze to pass beyond them. (4) Meaning: he considers himself weak, out of humility and his straitened worldly condition. The Prophet’s ﷺ word mutadaʿaf (with a doubled ʿayn) means that people deem him weak, look down on him, and boast over him. (5) In other words, if he swore an oath hoping in Allah’s generosity that it be fulfilled, Allah would indeed fulfil it.

رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ (١) فَرَفَعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَدَهُ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ ، وَرَجَعَ الْقَهْقَرَى وَرَاءَهُ حَتَّى قَامَ فِي الصَّفِّ ، فَتَقَدَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ، فَصَلَّى لِلنَّاسِ ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَقَالَ : « أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَا لَكُمْ حِينَ نَابَكُمْ شَيْءٌ فِي الصَّلَاةِ أَخَذْتُمْ فِي التَّصْفِيقِ ؟ ! إِنَّمَا التَّصْفِيقُ لِلنِّسَاءِ . مَنْ نَابَهُ شَيْءٌ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَلْيَقُلْ : سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَسْمَعُهُ أَحَدٌ حِينَ يَقُولُ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ ، إِلَّا الْتَفَتَ ، يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ : مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ حِينَ أَشَرْتُ إِلَيْكَ ؟ » فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : مَا كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لِابْنِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ (٢) ، مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ . مَعْنَى « حُبِسَ » : أَمْسَكُوهُ لِيُضِيفُوهُ . ٣٢ - باب فضل ضعفة المسلمين والفقراء والخاملين قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : ﴿ وَأَصْبِرْ نَفْسَكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُم بِالْغَدَاةِ وَالْعَشِيِّ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَهُ وَلَا تَعْدُ(٣) عَيْنَاكَ عَنْهُمْ ﴾ [ الكهف : ٢٨ ] . ٢٥٧ - وعن حارثة بن وهب رضي الله عنه قال : سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول : « أَلَا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِأَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ ؟ كُلُّ ضَعِيفٍ(٤) مُتَضَعَّفٍ ، لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لَأَبَرَّهُ(٥) أَلَا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِأَهْلِ النَّارِ ؟ كُلُّ عُتُلٍّ جَوَّاظٍ مُسْتَكْبِرٍ » مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ . « الْعَتْلُ » : الْغَلِيظُ الْجَافِي . وَ« الْجَوَّاظُ » : بفتح الجيم وتشديد الواو

(١) زاد البخاري في رواية له : « أن امكث مكانك » . (٢) وفي رواية لأحمد ( ٥ / ٣٣٨ ) : « قال : رفعت يدي لأني حمدت الله على ما رأيت منك : ولم يكن ينبغي لابن أبي قحافة أن يؤم رسول الله ﷺ » . وسنده صحيح . (٣) أي : لا يجاوز نظرك إلى غيرهم . (٤) أي : نفسه ضعيفة ، لتواضعه وضعف حاله في الدنيا . وقوله ﷺ : « متضعف » بفتح العين المشددة : أي يستضعفه الناس ويحتقرونه ويفتخرون عليه . (٥) أي : لو حلف يميناً طمعاً في كرم الله بإبراره لأبر قسمه بحصول ذلك .