Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/143)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

because he himself wishes to buy it, but only in order to lure someone else into paying more; and this is unlawful.
“Tadābur”: to turn away from a person, shun him, and treat him as something cast behind one’s back.

241 – Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, related that the Prophet ﷺ said, “None of you (1) truly believes until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself.” Agreed upon.

242 – He also reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Support your brother whether he is an oppressor or oppressed.” A man asked, “Messenger of Allah, I help him when he is oppressed, but tell me (2): if he is the oppressor, how do I help him?” He replied, “You restrain him—or prevent him—from wrongdoing; that is supporting him.” Narrated by al-Bukhārī.

243 – Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “The Muslim has five rights over another Muslim: returning the greeting of peace, visiting the sick, following the funeral, accepting an invitation, and praying for mercy for one who sneezes (3).” Agreed upon.

In another version recorded by Muslim: “The Muslim has six rights over another Muslim: when you meet him, greet him with peace; when he invites you, respond; when he seeks your advice, give him sincere counsel; when he sneezes and praises Allah, pray for mercy for him; when he falls ill, visit him; and when he dies, follow his funeral.”

244 – Abu ʿUmārah al-Barrāʾ ibn ʿĀzib, may Allah be pleased with them both, said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us with seven things and forbade us seven. He instructed us to visit the sick, follow the funerals, pray for mercy for one who sneezes, fulfil the oath of one who swears by Allah, support the oppressed, accept the invitation, and spreading

(1) That is, perfect iman (faith) whereby one loves for his brother what he loves for himself of acts of obedience and lawful matters. The hadith urges Muslims to love one another; such affection brings about mutual support and assistance, through which the unity of iman is preserved and the sharia’s ordinances are strengthened. (2) Meaning: “Inform me.” (3) *Tashmit al-ʿatis* is to pray for the sneezer—when he has said *al-hamdu lillah*—by responding, “yarhamuk Allah” (may Allah have mercy on you).

رَغْبَةً لَهُ فِي شَرَائِهَا بَلْ يُقْصَدُ أَنْ يُغَرَّ غَيْرَهُ ، وَهَذَا حَرَامٌ . وَ «التَّدَابُرُ» : أَنْ يُعْرَضَ عَنِ الْإِنْسَانِ وَيَهْجُرَهُ وَيَجْعَلَهُ كَالشَّيْءِ الَّذِي وَرَاءَ الظَّهْرِ وَالدُّبُرِ . ٢٤١ - وعن أنس رضي الله عنه عن النبي ﷺ قال : « لَا يُؤْمِنُ أَحَدُكُمْ (١) حَتَّى يُحِبَّ لِأَخِيهِ مَا يُحِبُّ لِنَفْسِهِ » متفق عليه . ٢٤٢ - وعنه قال : قال رسول الله ﷺ : « انْصُرْ أَخَاكَ ظَالِمًا أَوْ مَظْلُومًا » فقال رجل : يا رسول الله أَنْصُرُهُ إِذَا كَانَ مَظْلُومًا أَرَأَيْتَ (٢) إِنْ كَانَ ظَالِمًا كَيْفَ أَنْصُرُهُ ؟ قال : « تَحْجُزُهُ - أَوْ تَمْنَعُهُ - مِنَ الظُّلْمِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ نَصْرُهُ » رواه البخاري . ٢٤٣ - وعن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله ﷺ قال : « حَقُّ الْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ خَمْسٌ : رَدُّ السَّلَامِ ، وَعِيَادَةُ الْمَرِيضِ ، وَاتِّبَاعُ الْجَنَائِزِ ، وَإِجَابَةُ الدَّعْوَةِ ، وَتَشْمِيتُ الْعَاطِسِ » (٣) متفق عليه . وفي رواية لمسلم : « حَقُّ الْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ سِتٌّ : إِذَا لَقِيتَهُ فَسَلِّمْ عَلَيْهِ ، وَإِذَا دَعَاكَ فَأَجِبْهُ ، وَإِذَا اسْتَنْصَحَكَ فَانْصَحْ لَهُ ، وَإِذَا عَطَسَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ فَشَمِّتْهُ ، وَإِذَا مَرِضَ فَعُدْهُ ، وَإِذَا مَاتَ فَاتَّبِعْهُ » . ٢٤٤ - وعن أبي عُمارة : البراء بن عازب رضي الله عنهما قال : أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِسَبْعٍ ، وَنَهَانَا عَنْ سَبْعٍ : أَمَرَنَا بِعِيَادَةِ الْمَرِيضِ ، وَاتِّبَاعِ الْجَنَائِزِ ، وَتَشْمِيتِ الْعَاطِسِ ، وَإِبْرَارِ الْمُقْسِمِ ، وَنَصْرِ الْمَظْلُومِ ، وَإِجَابَةِ الدَّاعِي ، وَإِفْشَاءِ

(١) أي : إيماناً كاملاً حتى يحب لأخيه ما يحب لنفسه من الطاعات والمباحات . وفي الحديث الترغيب في محبة المسلمين بعضهم بعضاً ، والمحبة تؤدي إلى التعاضد والتناصر ، وبه ينتظم شمل الإيمان وتتأيد شرائعه . (٢) أي : أخبرني . (٣) تشميت العاطس : الدعاء له إذا حمد الله بأن يقول له : « يرحمك الله » .