Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/137)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

218 – Abu Bakrah Nufayʿ ibn al-Ḥārith, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Prophet ﷺ said:

“Time has come full circle (1) and returned to the state it was in on the day Allah created the heavens and the earth. The year counts twelve months, of which four are sacred: three in succession—Dhu al-Qaʿdah, Dhu al-Ḥijjah and Muḥarram—and Rajab Muḍar (2), which falls between Jumada and Shaʿban. Which month is this?”

We replied, “Allah and His Messenger know best.” He remained silent until we thought he would rename it, then said, “Is it not Dhu al-Ḥijjah?” We answered, “Indeed.”

He asked, “And which city is this?”

We said, “Allah and His Messenger know best.” He kept silent until we thought he would call it by another name, then said, “Is it not the Town (3)?” We replied, “Indeed.”

He said, “And what day is this?”

We said, “Allah and His Messenger know best.” He paused until we thought he would designate it with a different name, then said, “Is it not the Day of Sacrifice?” We answered, “Indeed.”

He then proclaimed: “Your blood, your property and your honor are inviolable, just as the sanctity of this day of yours, in this city of yours, in this month of yours. You will surely meet your Lord, and He will question you about your deeds. So do not turn back after I am gone as unbelievers, striking one another’s necks. Let the one who is present convey to the one who is absent, for it may be that someone to whom the message reaches will grasp it more fully than some of those who have heard it directly.”

He then said, “Have I conveyed? Have I conveyed?”

We replied, “Yes.”

He concluded, “O Allah, bear witness.” Agreed upon.

219 – Abu Umamah Iyās ibn Thalabah al-Ḥārithī, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever seizes (4) the right of a Muslim by means of a (false) oath, Allah has made the Fire obligatory for him and forbidden Paradise to him.” A man asked, “Even if it is something trivial, O Messenger of Allah?” He answered, “Even if it is no more than a twig from an arak tree (5).” Reported by Muslim.

220 – ʿAdiyy ibn ʿAmīrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say:

(1) The “time” intended here is the (lunar) year; the Prophet clarified its cyclical nature by saying, “The year is twelve months.” (2) The month is called “Rajab of Mudar” because the tribe of Mudar was more meticulous than the other Arabs in observing its sanctity. (3) Another manuscript reads: “the Sacred City.” (4) That is, “to take.” (5) Al-arak is a well-known tree whose twigs are used as tooth-sticks.

٢١٨ - وعن أبي بكرة نُفَيْع بن الحارث رضي الله عنه عن النبي ﷺ قال : « إِنَّ الزَّمَانَ قَدِ اسْتَدَارَ (١) كَهَيْئَةِ يَوْمٍ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ : السَّنَةُ اثْنَا عَشَرَ شَهْرًا ، مِنْهَا أَرْبَعَةٌ حُرُمٌ : ثَلَاثُ مُتَوَالِيَاتٍ : ذُو الْقَعْدَةِ وَذُو الْحِجَّةِ وَالْمُحَرَّمُ ، وَرَجَبُ مُضَرَ (٢) الَّذِي بَيْنَ جُمَادَى وَشَعْبَانَ ، أَيُّ شَهْرٍ هَذَا ؟ » قُلْنَا : اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ ، فَسَكَتَ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ سَيُسَمِّيهِ بِغَيْرِ اسْمِهِ قَالَ : « أَلَيْسَ ذَا الْحِجَّةِ ؟ » قُلْنَا : بَلَى . قَالَ : « فَأَيُّ بَلَدٍ هَذَا ؟ » قُلْنَا : اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ ، فَسَكَتَ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ سَيُسَمِّيهِ بِغَيْرِ اسْمِهِ قَالَ : « أَلَيْسَ الْبَلَدَةَ ؟ » (٣) قُلْنَا : بَلَى . قَالَ : « فَأَيُّ يَوْمٍ هَذَا ؟ » قُلْنَا : اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ ، فَسَكَتَ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ سَيُسَمِّيهِ بِغَيْرِ اسْمِهِ . قَالَ : « أَلَيْسَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ ؟ » قُلْنَا : بَلَى . قَالَ : « فَإِنَّ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ وَأَعْرَاضَكُمْ حَرَامٌ ، كَحُرْمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا فِي بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا ، وَسَتَلْقَوْنَ رَبَّكُمْ فَيَسْأَلُكُمْ عَنْ أَعْمَالِكُمْ ، أَلَا فَلَا تَرْجِعُوا بَعْدِي كُفَّارًا يَضْرِبُ بَعْضُكُمْ رِقَابَ بَعْضٍ ، أَلَا لِيُبَلِّغِ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ ، فَلَعَلَّ بَعْضَ مَنْ يَبْلُغُهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَوْعَى لَهُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ مَنْ سَمِعَهُ » ثُمَّ قَالَ : « أَلَا هَلْ بَلَّغْتُ ؟ أَلَا هَلْ بَلَّغْتُ ؟ » قُلْنَا : نَعَمْ . قَالَ : « اللَّهُمَّ أَشْهَدْ » متفق عليه . ٢١٩ - وعن أبي أمامة إياس بن ثعلبة الحارثي رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله ﷺ قال : « مَنْ اقْتَطَعَ (٤) حَقَّ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ بِيَمِينِهِ فَقَدْ أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ النَّارَ ، وَحَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِ الْجَنَّةَ » فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ : « وَإِنْ كَانَ شَيْئًا يَسِيرًا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ » فَقَالَ : « وَإِنْ قَضِيبًا مِنْ أَرَاكَ » (٥) رواه مسلم . ٢٢٠ - وعن عدي بن عميرة رضي الله عنه قال : سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول :

(١) المراد بالزمان هنا السنة وقد بين ﷺ الاستدارة بقوله : « السنة اثنا عشر شهراً » . (٢) أضيف رجب إلى مضر ، لأن مضر كانت تحافظ على تحريمه أشد من سائر العرب . (٣) وفي نسخة « البلد الحرام » . (٤) أي : أخذ . (٥) الأراك : شجر معروف يستاك بأعواده .