Riyad al-Salihin - Al-Nawawi - (1/125)

Riyad al-SalihinAl-Nawawi

what they were never commanded to do. Whoever strives against them with his hand is a believer; whoever strives against them with his heart is a believer; and whoever strives against them with his tongue is a believer. Beyond that, not even a mustard-seed’s weight of faith remains.” Narrated by Muslim.

191 – Third: Abū al-Walīd ʿUbādah ibn al-Ṣāmit (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “We pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to listen and obey in hardship and in ease, in pleasant situations and unpleasant ones, even when others are preferred over us; that we would not dispute the authority of its holders unless you see overt disbelief for which you possess from Allah a clear proof; and that we would speak the truth wherever we were, fearing no reproach for the sake of Allah.” Agreed upon.

“Al-manshaṭ wa-l-makrah,” both with an open mīm, mean “in what is easy and what is difficult.” “Al-atharah” refers to taking exclusive possession of something held in common, as explained earlier. “Bawāḥan,” with a fatḥah on the bāʾ, then a wāw, an alif, and a hāʾ, means “plainly apparent, admitting no interpretation.”

192 – Fourth: Al-Nuʿmān ibn Bashīr (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported that the Prophet ﷺ said, “The example of the one who upholds Allah’s limits and the one who violates them is like a people who drew lots for places on a ship: some of them were allotted the upper deck and others the lower. Whenever those below needed water, they had to pass by those above, so they said, ‘If we were to bore a hole in our share, we would not disturb those above us.’ If the people above leave them to carry out what they intend, they will all perish together; but if they restrain them by force,(1) they will be saved, and all of them will be saved.” Narrated by al-Bukhārī.

“The one who upholds the limits of Allah” means the person who condemns violations and strives to remove them. The “limits” are whatever Allah has forbidden. “Istahamu” means “they drew lots.”

193 – Fifth: From the Mother of the Believers, Umm Salamah – Hind bint Abī Umayyah Ḥudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with her) – that the Prophet ﷺ said, “Rulers will be appointed over you; you will recognize some of what they do and you will reject some of it.(2) So whoever…"

(1) That is, they prevented them from making the breach. The phrase “naja wa naja” (they were saved and so were the others) means that both those who intervened and those who were restrained were delivered. (2) That is, you acknowledge some of their actions because they accord with the sharia, and you repudiate others because they conflict with it.

مَا لَا يُؤْمَرُونَ ، فَمَنْ جَاهَدَهُمْ بِيَدِهِ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ ، وَمَنْ جَاهَدَهُمْ بِقَلْبِهِ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ ، وَمَنْ جَاهَدَهُمْ بِلِسَانِهِ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ ، وَلَيْسَ وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ حَبَّةٌ خَرْدَلٌ » رواه مسلم . ١٩١ - الثالث : عن أبي الوليد عبادة بن الصامت رضي الله عنه قال : بَايَعْنَا رسول الله ﷺ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ ، فِي الْعُسْرِ وَالْيُسْرِ وَالْمَنْشَطِ وَالْمَكْرَهِ ، وَعَلَى أَثَرَةٍ عَلَيْنَا ، وَعَلَى أَنْ لَا نُنَازِعَ الْأَمْرَ أَهْلَهُ إِلَّا أَنْ تَرَوْا كُفْرًا بَوَاحًا عِنْدَكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فِيهِ بُرْهَانٌ ، وَعَلَى أَنْ نَقُولَ بِالْحَقِّ أَيْنَمَا كُنَّا لَا نَخَافُ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ . متفق عليه . « الْمَنْشَطُ وَالْمَكْرَهُ » بفتح ميميهما : أي في السهل والصعب . و « الْأَثَرَةُ » : الاختصاص بالمشترك وقد سبق بيانها . « بَوَاحًا » بفتح الباء الموحدة وبعدها واو ثم ألف ثم حاء مهملة : أي ظاهراً لا يحتمل تأويلاً . ١٩٢ - الرابع : عن النعمان بن بشير رضي الله عنهما عن النبي ﷺ قال : « مَثَلُ الْقَائِمِ فِي حُدُودِ اللَّهِ وَالْوَاقِعِ فِيهَا كَمَثَلِ قَوْمٍ اسْتَهَمُوا عَلَى سَفِينَةٍ فَصَارَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَعْلَاهَا وَبَعْضُهُمْ أَسْفَلَهَا وَكَانَ الَّذِينَ فِي أَسْفَلِهَا إِذَا اسْتَقَوْا مِنَ الْمَاءِ مَرُّوا عَلَى مَنْ فَوْقَهُمْ فَقَالُوا : لَوْ أَنَّا خَرَقْنَا فِي نَصِيبِنَا خَرْقًا وَلَمْ نُؤْذِ مَنْ فَوْقَنَا فَإِنْ تَرَكُوهُمْ وَمَا أَرَادُوا هَلَكُوا جَمِيعًا وَإِنْ أَخَذُوا عَلَى أَيْدِيهِمْ (١) نَجَوْا وَنَجَوْا جَمِيعًا » رواه البخاري . « الْقَائِمُ فِي حُدُودِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى » معناه : المنكر لها القائم في دفعها وإزالتها : وَالْمُرَادُ بِالْحُدُودِ مَا نَهَى اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ؛ وَ « اسْتَهَمُوا » اقْتَرَعُوا . ١٩٣ - الخامس : عن أم المؤمنين أم سلمة هند بنت أبي أمية حذيفة رضي الله عنها عن النبي ﷺ أنه قال : « إِنَّهُ يُسْتَعْمَلُ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَرَاءُ فَتَعْرِفُونَ وَتُنْكِرُونَ (٢) فَمَنْ

(١) أي : منعوهم من الخرق . وقوله ( نجوا ونجوا ) أي : كل من الأخذين والمأخوذين . (٢) أي تعرفون بعض أفعالهم لموافقتها للشريعة ، وتنكرون بعضها لمخالفتها لها .