Tafsir al-Uthaymin Juz Amma - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (94)

Tafsir al-Uthaymin Juz AmmaIbn al-'Uthaymin

and withholds the right that he owes falls within the scope of this noble verse. For example, a husband wants his wife to give him his rights in full and will tolerate no shortcoming in any of them. Yet when fulfilling her rights, he is negligent and does not give her what is due to her. How often women complain—Allah forbid—about husbands of this kind! Many husbands expect their wives to fulfill their rights completely, while they themselves do not give their wives their rights in full. A husband may even deny his wife most of her rights to financial maintenance, kind treatment, and so forth.

Wronging other people is more serious than a person wronging himself concerning the rights of Allah. If the latter falls short of associating partners with Allah, it is subject to Allah’s will: if Allah wills, He will forgive him, and if He wills, He will punish him for it. The rights owed to other people, however, must be fulfilled. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) therefore asked, “Whom do you regard as bankrupt among you?” They replied, “The bankrupt person among us is one who has neither a dirham nor any possessions.” He said, “The bankrupt person from my nation is one who comes on the Day of Resurrection with good deeds as great as mountains—an abundance of them—but who comes having wronged one person, insulted another, struck another, and taken another’s property. This person will take from his good deeds, that person will take from his good deeds, and another will take from his good deeds. If his good deeds are exhausted before all his liabilities have been settled, some of their sins will be taken and cast upon him, and then he will be cast into the Fire.” (1)

My advice to those who neglect their spouses’ rights is that they fear Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) enjoined this at the greatest gathering witnessed by the Muslim world during the Messenger’s lifetime, on the Day of Arafah during the Farewell Pilgrimage. He said, “Fear Allah concerning women, for you have taken them in Allah’s trust and made intimacy with them lawful by the word of Allah.” (2) Thus, he commanded us to fear Allah, Exalted is He, concerning women. He also said, “Fear Allah concerning women, for they are captives in your care.” (3) That is, they are in the position of captives, for—

(1) Narrated by Muslim, *The Book of Righteousness and Maintaining Family Ties*, chapter “The Prohibition of Injustice,” no. 2581 (59). (2) Narrated by Muslim, *The Book of Hajj*, chapter “The Prophet’s Pilgrimage—peace and blessings be upon him,” no. 1218 (147). (3) Narrated by al-Tirmidhī, *The Book of Suckling*, chapter “What Has Been Related Concerning a Woman’s Rights,” no. 1163. He classified it as *hasan sahīh* (good and authentic).

ومنع الحق الذي عليه فإنه داخل في الآية الكريمة، فمثلاً الزوج يريد من زوجته أن تعطيه حقه كاملاً ولا يتهاون في شيء من حقه، لكنه عند أداء حقها يتهاون ولا يعطيها الذي لها، وما أكثر ما تشكي النساء من هذا الطراز من الأزواج ـ والعياذ بالله ـ حيث إن كثيراً من النساء يريد منها الزوج أن تقوم بحقه كاملاً، لكنه هو لا يعطيها حقها كاملاً، ربما ينقص أكثر حقها من النفقة والعشرة بالمعروف وغير ذلك، إن ظلم الناس أشد من ظلم الإنسان نفسه في حق الله؛ لأن ظلم الإنسان نفسه في حق الله تحت المشيئة إذا كان دون الشرك، إن شاء الله غفر له، وإن شاء عاقبه عليه، لكن حق الادميين لابد أن يوفى، ولهذا قال النبي ﵊: «من تعدون المفلس فيكم؟» قالوا: المفلس فينا من لا درهم عنده ولا متاع، فقال: «إن المفلس من أمتي من يأتي يوم القيامة بحسنات أمثال الجبال ـ كثيرة ـ فيأتي وقد ظلم هذا، وشتم هذا، وضرب هذا، وأخذ مال هذا، فيأخذ هذا من حسناته، وهذا من حسناته، وهذا من حسناته، فإن فنيت حسناته قبل أن يقضي ما عليه أخذ من خطاياهم فطرحت عليه، ثم طرح في النار» (١) ، فنصيحتي لهؤلاء الذين يفرطون في حق أزواجهم أن يتقوا الله ﷿ فإن النبي ﷺ أوصى بذلك في أكبر مجمع شهده العالم الإسلامي في حياة الرسول ﵊ في يوم عرفة في حجة الوداع، قال: «اتقوا الله في النساء فإنكم أخذتموهن بأمان الله واستحللتم فروجهن بكلمة الله» (٢) ، فأمرنا أن نتقي الله تعالى في النساء وقال: «اتقوا الله في النساء فإنهن عوان عندكم» (٣) أي بمنزلة الأسرى لأن

(١) أخرجه مسلم كتاب البر والصلة باب تحريم الظلم (٢٥٨١) (٥٩) . (٢) أخرجه مسلم كتاب الحج باب حجة النبي ﷺ (١٢١٨) (١٤٧) . (٣) أخرجه الترمزي كتاب الرضاع، باب ما جاء في حق المرأة (١١٦٣) وقال حسن صحيح.