Tafsir al-Uthaymin Juz Amma - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (93)

Tafsir al-Uthaymin Juz AmmaIbn al-'Uthaymin

Commentary on Surah al-Mutaffifīn (Those Who Give Short Measure)

“In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful.

“Woe to those who give short measure: those who, when they take measure from people, exact it in full, but when they measure or weigh for them, give them less. Do such people not think that they will be resurrected for a momentous Day—the Day when mankind will stand before the Lord of all worlds?”

The basmalah has already been discussed.

The word “woe” occurs frequently in the Quran. According to the soundest view, it is a word of threat with which Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, warns those who disobey His commands or violate His prohibitions, with the particular respect being specified by the clause that follows. Here He says, “Woe to those who give short measure.” Who, then, are those who give short measure? The verses that follow explain who they are: “Those who, when they take measure from people, exact it in full, but when they measure or weigh for them, give them less.”

“Those who, when they take measure from people, exact it in full” means that when they purchase from others something sold by measure, they take their due in full, without any deficiency. “But when they measure or weigh for them” means that when they measure something out to others—that is, when they are the ones selling food by measure—or sell them something by weight, they give short measure or weight. Thus, “they give them less.” Such people take their own rights in full while diminishing the rights of others. They have therefore combined two traits: greed and miserliness. Their greed lies in demanding their rights in full, without consideration or leniency, while their miserliness lies in withholding what they are obligated to give by completing the measure and weight. The example that Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, gives here concerning measure and weight is only one example; everything resembling it is judged by analogy with it. Thus, anyone who demands his right in full from the person who owes it to him

تفسير سورة المطففين ﴿بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ﴾ ﴿وَيْلٌ لِّلْمُطَفِّفِينَ * الَّذِينَ إِذَا اكْتَالُواْ عَلَى النَّاسِ يَسْتَوْفُونَ * وَإِذَا كَالُوهُمْ أَوْ وَّزَنُوهُمْ يُخْسِرُونَ * أَلا يَظُنُّ أُوْلَئِكَ أَنَّهُمْ مَّبْعُوثُونَ * لِيَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ * يَوْمَ يَقُومُ النَّاسُ لِرَبِّ الْعَلَمِينَ﴾ . البسملة تقدم الكلام عليها. ﴿ويل﴾ كلمة ويل تكررت في القرآن كثيراً، وهي على الأصح كلمة وعيد يتوعد الله ﷾ بها من خالف أمره، أو ارتكب نهيه على الوجه المفيد في الجملة التي بعدها فهنا يقول ﷿ ﴿ويل للمطففين﴾ فمن هؤلاء المطففون؟ هؤلاء المطففون فسرتهم الايات التي بعدها فقال: ﴿الذين إذا اكتالوا على الناس يستوفون. وإذا كالوهم أو وزنوهم يخسرون﴾ . ﴿إذا اكتالوا على الناس يستوفون﴾ يعني اشتروا منهم ما يكال استوفوا منهم الحق كاملاً بدون نقص ﴿وإذا كالوهم أو وزنوهم﴾ يعني إذا كالوا لهم أي هم الذين باعوا الطعام كيلاً، فإنهم إذا كالوا للناس أو باعوا عليهم شيئاً وزناً إذا وزنوا نقصوا ﴿يخسرون﴾ فهؤلاء يستوفون حقهم كاملاً، وينقصون حق غيرهم، فجمعوا بين الأمرين، بين الشح والبخل، الشح: في طلب حقهم كاملاً بدون مراعاة أو مسامحة، والبخل: بمنع ما يجب عليهم من إتمام الكيل والوزن، وهذا المثال الذي ذكره الله ﷿ في الكيل والوزن هو مثال، فيقاس عليه كل ما شبهه، فكل من طلب حقه كاملاً ممن هو عليه