Tafsir al-Uthaymin Juz Amma - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (278)

Tafsir al-Uthaymin Juz AmmaIbn al-'Uthaymin

the clear proof came to them, did they break away from their religion—their disbelief and polytheism? The answer is given by Allah—Exalted is He—who says: “Those who were given the Scripture did not become divided until after the clear proof had come to them.” This means that when the clear proof came to them, they differed: some believed and others disbelieved. Among the Christians, some believed, such as the Negus, king of Abyssinia; and among the Jews, some also believed, such as Abdullah ibn Salām—may Allah be pleased with him. Thus, some believed and others disbelieved. Whoever Allah knew desired good and sought to devote his religion sincerely to Allah believed and was enabled to attain faith, while whoever was not so was led to disbelief. Likewise, some of the polytheists believed—and how many of the polytheists of Quraysh came to believe! Prior to the Messenger being sent—may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him—people remained in their existing state of disbelief until the clear proof came to them. Then, when the clear proof came, they became divided and differed, as Allah—Exalted is He—says: “Do not be like those who became divided and differed after the clear proofs had come to them. It is they who will suffer a tremendous punishment” [Āl Imrān: 105].

“Indeed, those who disbelieve among the People of the Book and the polytheists will be in the Fire of Hell, remaining there forever. It is they who are the worst of creation * Indeed, those who believe and do righteous deeds—it is they who are the best of creation * Their reward with their Lord is Gardens of everlasting residence, beneath which rivers flow, remaining there forever and ever. Allah is pleased with them, and they are pleased with Him. That is for whoever fears his Lord.”

“Indeed, those who disbelieve among the People of the Book and the polytheists will be in the Fire of Hell, remaining there forever. It is they who are the worst of creation.” In this verse, Allah—Exalted is He—makes an emphatic declaration, reinforced by the particle inna (“indeed”): those who disbelieve among the People of the Book and the polytheists “will be in the Fire of Hell”—that is, in the Fire known as Jahannam (Hell). It was named Jahannam because of the great depth of its bottom,

جاءتهم البينة هل انفكوا عن دينهم، عن كفرهم وشركهم؟ الجواب قال الله تعالى: ﴿وما تفرق الذين أوتوا الكتاب إلا من بعد ما جاءتهم البينة﴾ يعني لما جاءتهم البينة اختلفوا، منهم من آمن، ومنهم من كفر، فمن النصارى من آمن مثل النجاشي ملك الحبشة، ومن اليهود من آمن أيضاً مثل عبد الله بن سلام ﵁ فمنهم من آمن، ومنهم من كفر، فمن علم الله منه أنه يريد الخير، ويريد الدين لله آمن ووفق للإيمان، ومن لم يكن كذلك وفق للكفر، كذلك أيضاً من المشركين من آمن، وما أكثر المشركين من قريش الذين آمنوا، فصار الناس قبل بعثة الرسول ﵊ لم يزالوا على ما هم عليه من الكفر حتى جاءتهم البينة، ثم لما جاءتهم البينة تفرقوا واختلفوا كما قال تعالى: ﴿ولا تكونوا كالذين تفرقوا واختلفوا من بعد ما جاءهم البينات وأولئك لهم عذاب عظيم﴾ [آل عمران: ١٠٥] . ﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَبِ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ فِى نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ خَلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَوْلَئِكَ هُمْ شَرُّ الْبَرِيَّةِ * إِنَّ الَّذِينَءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّلِحَتِ أُوْلَئِكَ هُمْ خَيْرُ الْبَرِيَّةِ * جَزَآؤُهُمْ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ جَنَّتُ عَدْنٍ تَجْرِى مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الَاْنْهَرُ خَلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَداً رِّضِىَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُواْ عَنْهُ ذَلِكَ لِمَنْ خَشِىَ رَبَّهُ﴾ . ﴿إن الذين كفروا من أهل الكتاب والمشركين في نار جهنم خالدين فيها أولئك هم شر البرية﴾ بين الله تعالى في هذه الآية بياناً مؤكداً بـ (إن) إن الذين كفروا من أهل الكتاب والمشركين ﴿في نار جهنم﴾ أي في النار التي تسمى جهنم، وسميت جهنم، لبعد قعرها