Allah Most High sends down during it upon this ummah in the way of goodness and blessing. Hence, whoever stands in prayer during it, out of faith and in hope of reward, will have his previous sins forgiven. He then mentioned what takes place on that night, saying, ﴿The angels and the Spirit descend therein﴾—that is, they descend in stages. This is because the angels inhabit the heavens, and the heavens are seven; thus, the angels descend to the earth in stages until they fill it. The descent of the angels to earth is a sign of mercy, goodness, and blessing. Therefore, when the angels refrain from entering somewhere, this indicates that the place they refrain from entering may be devoid of goodness and blessing, as with a place containing images. Indeed, the angels do not enter a house in which there is an image (1)—meaning an image of a prohibited kind. If an image is treated without respect, as on bedding or a cushion, most scholars hold that it is permissible. Accordingly, the angels do not refrain from entering such a place, for if they did, that would indicate that it was prohibited. The angels therefore descend in great numbers on the Night of Decree, and their descent brings goodness and blessing.
﴿And the Spirit﴾ refers to Gabriel, peace be upon him. Allah singled him out for mention because of his nobility and excellence. His statement, ﴿by permission of their Lord﴾, means at His command. What is intended here is permission by divine decree, for Allah’s permission—that is, His command—is of two kinds: decretive permission and legislative permission. Thus, His statement, ﴿They prescribed for them religious practices which Allah had not authorized﴾ [al-Shūrā: 21], means that He had not authorized them by His law, though He had permitted them to occur by His decree. Such prescriptions were indeed made apart from Allah, but not with Allah’s legislative permission. Thus, ﴿by permission of their Lord﴾ in this verse means by His decretive command. Regarding His statement, ﴿for every matter﴾, it has been said that the preposition rendered “for” carries the sense of “with”—that is, with every matter concerning which Allah commands them. The matter is left unspecified, and we do not know precisely what it is. We nevertheless affirm that the descent of the angels to earth is a sign of goodness, mercy, and blessing. The sentence ﴿It is peace﴾ here