Tafsir al-Uthaymin Juz Amma - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (165)

Tafsir al-Uthaymin Juz AmmaIbn al-'Uthaymin

obligatory, the scholars would have reminded us about it.” Thus, reminding is essential, and the Shariah must be disseminated, whether or not it proves beneficial.

Allah Most High then mentioned who will take heed and who will not, saying: ﴾The one who fears will take heed, but the most wretched will avoid it.﴿ He thus explained that, after being reminded, people fall into two categories:

The first category consists of those who fear Allah Most High—that is, those who fear Him out of knowledge of the greatness of the Creator, Glorious and Exalted. When such a person is reminded of his Lord’s signs, he takes heed, as Allah Most High says in His description of the servants of the Most Merciful: ﴾And those who, when reminded of the signs of their Lord, do not turn a deaf ear and a blind eye to them﴿ [al-Furqān: 73]. Thus, when one who fears Allah is reminded and admonished through Allah’s signs, he takes heed and benefits.

Regarding the second category, He says: ﴾But the most wretched will avoid it.﴿ That is, the most wretched person avoids this reminder and derives no benefit from it. Here, “the most wretched” is a superlative derived from wretchedness, which is the opposite of happiness, as in Sūrat Hūd: ﴾As for those who are wretched, they will be in the Fire﴿ [Hūd: 106], and: ﴾As for those who are blessed, they will be in Paradise﴿ [Hūd: 108]. Thus, the most wretched—one characterized by wretchedness—avoids the reminder and derives no benefit from it. The most wretched is the one who has reached the utmost degree of wretchedness, and this is the disbeliever. The disbeliever is reminded but derives no benefit from the reminder. Hence He says: ﴾who will burn in the greatest Fire, then will neither die therein nor live.﴿ The one who will burn in the Fire described as ﴾the greatest﴿—namely, the Fire of Hell—does so because the fire of this world is lesser by comparison. It is authentically reported from the Prophet—may Allah bless him and his family and grant them peace—that “the fire of this world is one part of seventy parts of the Fire of the Hereafter” (1). In other words, the Fire of the Hereafter exceeds the fire of this world by sixty-nine parts. What is meant is all the fire of this world, even at its fiercest; the Fire of the Hereafter exceeds it by sixty-nine parts. For this reason, He describes it as ﴾the greatest Fire.﴿ Then, when he enters it, he ﴾will neither

(1) Recorded by Muslim in the Book of Paradise, chapter “Hell,” hadith no. 2843 (43).

واجباً لذكَّر به العلماء، فلابد من التذكير ولابد من نشر الشريعة سواء نفعت أم لم تنفع. ثم ذكر الله ﷿ من سيذكر ومن لا يتذكر فقال: ﴿سيذكر من يخشى. ويتجنبها الأشقى﴾ فبين تعالى أن الناس ينقسمون بعد الذكرى إلى قسمين: القسم الأول: من يخشى الله ﷿، أي يخافه خوفاً عن علم بعظمة الخالق جل وعلا، فهذا إذا ذكر بآيات ربه تذكر كما قال تعالى في وصف عباد الرحمن: ﴿والذين إذا ذكروا بآيات ربهم لم يخروا عليها صمًّا وعمياناً﴾ [الفرقان: ٧٣] . فمن يخشى الله ويخاف الله إذا ذكر ووعظ بآيات الله اتعظ وانتفع. أما القسم الثاني: فقال: ﴿ويتجنبها الأشقى﴾ أي يتجنب هذه الذكرى ولا ينتفع بها الأشقى و ﴿الأشقى﴾ هنا اسم تفضيل من الشقاء وهو ضد السعادة كما في سورة هود: ﴿فأما الذين شقوا ففي النار﴾ [هود: ١٠٦] . ﴿وأما الذين سعدوا ففي الجنة﴾ [هود: ١٠٨] . فالأشقى المتصف بالشقاوة يتجنب الذكرى ولا ينتفع بها، والأشقى هو البالغ في الشقاوة غايتها وهذا هو الكافر، فإن الكافر يذكر ولا ينتفع بالذكرى، ولهذا قال: ﴿الذي يصلى النار الكبرى. ثم لا يموت فيها ولا يحيى﴾ الذي يصلى النار الموصوفة بأنها ﴿الكبرى﴾ وهي نار جهنم؛ لأن نار الدنيا صغرى بالنسبة لها، فقد صح عن النبي صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم: «أن نار الدنيا جزء من سبعين جزءاً من نار الآخرة» (١) ، أي أن نار الآخرة فضلت على نار الدنيا بتسعة وستين جزءاً، والمراد بنار الدنيا كلها أشد ما يكون من نار الدنيا فإن نار الآخرة فضلت عليها بتسعة وستين جزءاً ولهذا وصفها بقوله: ﴿النار الكبرى﴾ ثم إذا صلاها ﴿لا

(١) أخرجه مسلم كتاب الجنة، باب جهنم (٢٨٤٣) (٤٣) .