Tafsir al-Uthaymin Juz Amma - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (153)

Tafsir al-Uthaymin Juz AmmaIbn al-'Uthaymin

and his family, and grant them peace. ﴾They are devising a plot﴿—that is, a mighty plot. They plot against the Messenger—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him—and against those who follow him. Consider what they did to the believers while they were in Mecca: torturing, reviling, and driving them away. The Muslims migrated twice to Abyssinia and then migrated to Medina, all to flee with their religion from these criminals, who harmed them through every kind of plot. The gravest thing they did against the Prophet—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him—occurred at the time of his migration, when their leaders and nobles gathered to deliberate: What should they do with Muhammad? Every time a proposal was made, they rejected it, saying, “This will not work.” Finally, according to what historians relate, Satan came to them in the guise of a man and advised them: “I believe you should choose ten young men from different tribes and give each of them a sword, so that they may strike Muhammad together as one man and kill him. If they do so, responsibility for his blood will be spread among the tribes, and Banū Hāshim will be unable to exact retribution from all of them. They will therefore have no choice but to accept blood money.”

That was precisely what they wanted. They unanimously adopted the proposal and deemed it sound. The ten young men then sat awaiting the Prophet’s departure—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him and his family—so that they could kill him. Yet the Prophet—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him and his family—went out through the door while they were sitting there, and they did not see him. Historical accounts (1) mention that he began scattering dust over their heads to humiliate them while reciting the words of Allah Most High:

﴾We placed a barrier before them and a barrier behind them, then covered them, so they cannot see﴿ [Yā Sīn: 9].

Do not be astonished that the Prophet—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him and his family—passed through their midst without their seeing him. Do not be astonished at this. Consider what happened with Quraysh when the Prophet—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him and his family—hid in the cave after leaving Mecca for Medina. He remained hidden there for three days so that the pursuit of him might subside, for Quraysh had begun searching for him and promised anyone who

(1) See Ibn Kathīr (may Allah have mercy on him), *al-Bidāya wa-l-Nihāya* (*The Beginning and the End*), 4:441.

وعلى آله وسلم ﴿يكيدون كيداً﴾ أي كيداً عظيماً، يكيدون للرسول ﵊، ويكيدون لمن اتبعه، وانظر ماذا كانوا يفعلون بالمؤمنين أيام كانوا في مكة من التعذيب والتوبيخ والتشريد، هاجر المسلمون مرتين إلى الحبشة، ثم هاجروا إلى المدينة كل ذلك فراراً بدينهم من هؤلاء المجرمين، الذين آذوهم بكل كيد، وأعظم ما فعلوه بالنبي ﵊ حين الهجرة حيث اجتمع رؤساؤهم وأشرافهم يتشاورون ماذا يفعلون بمحمد؟ فكلما ذكروا رأياً نقضوه، قالوا هذا لا يصلح، حتى أشار إليهم فيما ذكره أهل التاريخ الشيطان الذي جاء بصورة رجل وقال لهم: إني أرى أن تختاروا عشرة شبان من قبائل متفرقة، وتعطوا كل واحد منهم سيفاً حتى يقتلوا محمداً قتلة رجل واحد، فإذا فعلوا ذلك تفرق دمه في القبائل، فلم تستطع بنو هاشم أن تقتص من القبائل كلها فيرضخون إلى أخذ الدية. وهذا هو الذي يريدون، فأجمعوا على هذا الرأي واستحسنوا هذا الرأي، وفعلاً جلس الشبان العشرة ينتظرون خروج النبي صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم ليقتلوه، ولكن النبي صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم خرج من الباب وهم جلوس ولم يشاهدوه، وذكر التاريخ (١) أنه جعل يذر التراب على رؤوسهم إذلالاً لهم، ويقرأ قول الله تعالى: ﴿وجعلنا من بين أيديهم سدًّا ومن خلفهم سدًّا فأغشيناهم فهم لا يبصرون﴾ [يس: ٩] . ولا تتعجب كيف خرج النبي صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم من بينهم ولم يشاهدوه، لا تعجب من هذا، فها هم قريش حين اختبأ النبي صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم في الغار لما خرج من مكة يريد المدينة اختبأ في الغار ثلاثة أيام ليخف عنه الطلب؛ لأن قريش صارت تطلبه، وجعلت لمن

(١) أنظر البداية والنهاية لأبن كثير ﵀ ٤/ ٤٤١.