glory, honor, and eminence. His words, Most High is He, ﴾in a Preserved Tablet﴿, refer to the Preserved Tablet with Allah, which is the Mother of the Book, as Allah Most High says: ﴾Allah eliminates or confirms whatever He wills, and with Him is the Mother of the Book.﴿ [al-Raʿd: 39]
In this Tablet, Allah recorded the decrees of all things. Among what He recorded therein was that this Quran would be sent down to Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him. Thus, it is in a Preserved Tablet. The scholars said that ﴾Preserved﴿ means that no one can reach it and that it is safeguarded from alteration and substitution. Alteration and substitution occur only in the other records, for the records ordained by Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, are of several kinds:
The first kind is the record in the Preserved Tablet. This record is neither altered nor changed. For this reason, Allah called it a Preserved Tablet: nothing in it can be altered or changed.
The second is the record concerning the children of Adam while they are in their mothers’ wombs. Once a human being has completed four months in his mother’s womb, Allah sends to him an angel entrusted with the wombs. The angel breathes the soul into him by Allah’s permission, for the body is merely a piece of flesh that becomes a human being when the soul is breathed into it. The angel is then commanded to record four matters: his provision, his lifespan, his deeds, and whether he will be wretched or blessed. (1)
The third kind is an annual record made every year. This is the record made on the Night of Decree, when Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, decrees what will occur during that year. Allah Most High says: ﴾On that night every matter of wisdom is decreed.﴿ [al-Dukhān: 4] Thus, what will occur during that year is recorded on that night.
The fourth kind is the daily record maintained by the angels, who write down everything a person does on that day, whether it is something uttered with his tongue, an action performed with his limbs, or a belief held in his heart. This is recorded in the scrolls held by the angels. This record is made after the deed, whereas all three preceding records are made before the deed,