Al-IjmāʿIbn al-Mundhir

224 – They unanimously agree that the meat of animals slaughtered by non-Muslims who are at war with us is lawful. Malik alone dissented, saying, “The fat of an animal slaughtered by a Jew is not to be eaten.” (1)

225 – They unanimously agree that animals slaughtered by the Magians are unlawful and may not be eaten; Saʿid ibn al-Musayyib was the sole dissenter.

226 – They unanimously agree that an animal slaughtered by a child or a woman from among the People of the Book is permissible. (2)

227 – They unanimously agree that dogs are legitimate hunting animals. One may eat whatever they capture, provided the name of Allah is pronounced over it and the trainer is a Muslim—this excludes the black dog.

228 – They unanimously agree that sea game—catching it, eating it, selling it, and buying it—is lawful for both the pilgrim in iḥrām (the state of consecration) and the one who is not.

(1) Ibn Hazm states in Maratib al-Ijmaʿ (p. 241): “There is, beyond doubt, a well-known disagreement concerning the permissibility of eating the fat of an animal slaughtered by a Jew….” Ibn Abi Shayba, in his Musannaf (3:298), records several reports from certain Successors that forbid the meat slaughtered by belligerent non-Muslims. (2) In manuscript Q (fol. 1813) the wording is: “if the two of them are capable of doing so, are conscious of their act, and perform the slaughter as required.”
٢٢٤ - وأجمعوا على أن ذبائح أهل الحرب حلال. وانفرد مالك، فقال: لا يؤكل شحم ذبيحة ذبَحها يهودي (١). ٢٢٥ - وأجمعوا على أن ذبائح الْمَجوس حرام لا تؤكل. وانفرد سعيد بن المسيّب. ٢٢٦ - وأجمعوا على أن ذبيحة الصبي والمرأة من أهل الكتاب مباحٌ (٢). ٢٢٧ - وأجمعوا على أن الكلاب جوارح، يجوز أكل ما أمسكن، على المرء، إذا ذكر اسم الله عليها، وكان الْمُعلم مسلمًا إلا الكلب الأسود. ٢٢٨ - وأجمعوا على أن صيد البحر حلال للحلال والمحرم: اصطياده، وأكله وبيعه، وشراؤه.
(١) قال ابن حزم في مراتب الإجماع (ص ٢٤١): "وأما الخلاف في أكل شحم ما ذبحه اليهودي ..... فموجود معلوم".اهـ وقد ذكر ابن أبي شيبة في مصنفه (٣/ ٢٩٨) آثارًا عن بعض التابعين في تحريم ذبائح أهل الحرب. (٢) في ق (١٨١٣): [إذا أطاقا ذلك، وعقلاها، وذكيا كما يجب].

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