Al-IjmāʿIbn al-Mundhir

145 – They unanimously agree that whoever intentionally has sexual intercourse during his Hajj before standing at ʿArafah must perform another Hajj in the following year and offer a sacrificial animal; ʿAtaʾ and Qatadah stood alone in dissent.

146 – They unanimously agree that a pilgrim in ihram is forbidden to shave his head, clip it, or otherwise remove its hair, whether by cutting, a depilatory substance, or any other means.

147 – They unanimously agree that he may shave his head when a medical condition requires it.

148 – They unanimously agree that anyone who shaves while in ihram is obligated to pay the prescribed expiation.

149 – They unanimously agree that a pilgrim in ihram is prohibited from cutting his nails (1).

150 – They unanimously agree that he may remove any nail or hair that has already broken off on its own.

151 – They unanimously agree that a pilgrim in ihram is forbidden to wear a shirt, a turban, trousers, leather socks, or a hooded cloak.

152 – They unanimously agree that a female pilgrim in ihram may wear a shirt, a gown, trousers, head-scarves, and leather socks.

153 – They unanimously agree that a pilgrim in ihram is prohibited from covering his head.

154 – They unanimously agree that a pilgrim in ihram is prohibited from wearing garments dyed or scented with saffron or wars.

155 – They unanimously agree that, during ihram, a woman is subject to the same prohibitions as men, except with regard to certain items of clothing.

156 – They unanimously agree that if a pilgrim in ihram deliberately kills game while fully aware of his state of ihram, he must pay the prescribed compensation (2).

(1) Ibn Qudama likewise records a consensus on the point; see al-Mughni, 3:150. (2) Ibn Hazm writes in al-Muhalla, 5:236: “Al-Qasim b. Muhammad, Salim b. Abd Allah, Ata, and Mujahid were asked about someone who accidentally strikes locusts. They replied that no penalty is due, whereas a deliberate act entails a penalty. This is also the view of Abu Sulayman (Dawud al-Zahiri) and our companions. Another sound report from Mujahid states that only the muhrim who kills game unintentionally must pay the penalty; if he kills it intentionally while conscious of his consecrated state, no penalty is due. Abu Hanifa, Malik, and al-Shafi‘i hold that intent and mistake are alike: a penalty is always required. The same view is transmitted from Umar, Abd al-Rahman, Saʿd, al-Nakhai, and al-Shaʿbi.” He continues: “In a dispute we are obliged to refer back to Allah and His Messenger. Advocates of the opposing view argue by analogy: because Allah has imposed an expiation on the one who kills a believer by mistake, we analogise and impose an expiation on the one who kills game by mistake. I reply: this is qiyas, and all qiyas is invalid; even were analogy permissible, this particular analogy would still be manifestly false …”. Ibn al-Qayyim, treating the same question in Iʿlam al-Muwaqqiʿin under “Questions unanimously agreed upon through qiyas,” writes (1:157): “Regarding the compensation for game killed during ihram, the verse says: wa-man qatala-hu minkum mutaʿammidan (‘whoever among you kills it deliberately’); by analogy, unintended killing is likewise included according to the majority, with only a few dissenting.”
حجَّ قابلٍ والهديَ. وانفرد عطاء وقتادة. ١٤٦ - وأجمعوا على أن الْمُحرم ممنوع من: حلق رأسه، وجزه، واتلافه بِجز، أو نورة، أوغير ذلك. ١٤٧ - وأجمعوا على أن له حلق رأسه من علة. ١٤٨ - وأجمعوا على وجوب الفدية على من حلق وهو مُحرم. ١٤٩ - وأجمعوا على أن الْمُحرم ممنوع من أخذ أظفاره (١). ١٥٠ - وأجمعوا على أنّ له أن يزيل عن نفسه ما كان منكسرًا عنه. ١٥١ - وأجمعوا على أن الْمُحرم ممنوع من: لبس القميص، والعمامة، والسراويل، والخفاف، والبرانس. ١٥٢ - وأجمعوا على أن للمرأة الْمُحرمة: لبس القميص، والدروع، والسراويل، والْخُمُر، والخفاف. ١٥٣ - وأجمعوا على أن الْمُحرم ممنوع من تخمير رأسه. ١٥٤ - وأجمعوا على أن الْمُحرم ممنوع من لبس زعفران أو ورس. ١٥٥ - وأجمعوا على أن المرأة ممنوعة مما مُنع منه الرجال في حال الإحرام إلا بعض اللباس. ١٥٦ - وأجمعوا على أن الْمُحرم إذا قتل صيدًا عامدًا لقتله ذاكرًا لإحرامه أن عليه الْجَزاء (٢).
(١) ونقل الإجماع عليه أيضًا: ابن قدامة في المغني (٣/ ١٥٠). (٢) قال ابن حزم في المحلى (٥/ ٢٣٦): "وعن القاسم بن محمد, وسالم بن عبد الله, وعطاء , ومجاهد فيمن أصاب الجنادب خطأ؟ قالوا: لا يُحكم عليه فإن أصابَها متعمدًا حكم عليه وهو قول أبي سليمان وأصحابنا؛ وصح عن مجاهد قول آخر وهو أنه إنما يُحكم على من قتل الصيد وهو محرم خطأ, وأما من قتله عامدًا ذاكرًا لإحرامه فلا يُحكم عليه؛ وقال أبو حنيفة, ومالك, والشافعي: العمد والخطأ سواء يحكم عليه في كل ذلك، وقد روي هذا القول أيضا عن عمر, وعبد الرحمن, وسعد, والنخعي, والشعبي"؛ ثم قال: "المرجوع إليه عند التنازع هو ما افترضه الله ﷿ علينا من الرجوع إلى الله تعالى ورسوله ﷺ؛ وشغَّب أهل هذه المقالة بأن قالوا: قد أوجب الله تعالى الكفارة على قاتل المؤمن خطأ فقسنا عليه قاتل الصيد خطأ؟ قال علي: هذا قياس والقياس كله باطل, ثم لو كان حقًّا لكان هذا منه عين الباطل ... ".اهـ وقد ذكر ابن القيم هذه المسألة في إعلام الموقعين تحت "ما أجمع عليه الفقهاء من مسائل القياس" فقال -كما في (١/ ١٥٧) -: "وقال في جزاء الصيد المقتول في الإحرام: ﴿وَمَن قَتَلَهُ مِنْكُم مُّتَعَمِّدًا﴾، فدخل فيه قتل الخطأ قياسًا عند الجمهور إلا من شذَّ".اهـ

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