would it then be permissible to depart from their statements?’ He answered, ‘That is a vile notion—the doctrine of the innovators. No one should abandon the statements of the Companions when they differ among themselves.
Our Shaykh (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I remarked that in the narration of ʿAbd Allāh he (Ahmad) stated, ‘The proof stands against anyone who claims that, after a matter has been settled by consensus and they later disagree, we should nevertheless adhere to what they had first agreed upon…’ He also suspended (1) judgement in ʿAbd Allāh’s narration, saying, ‘Whoever alleges consensus is a liar; perhaps the people have differed. Such a claim was made by Bishr al-Marrīsī and al-Aṣamm.’ Instead, he would say, ‘We are not aware that anyone has disagreed,’ if no contrary view had reached him.
Al-Marwadī likewise reported that he said, ‘How can a man dare assert, “They are unanimous”? If you hear people saying, “There is consensus,” distrust them. Were he to say, “I know of no opponent,” that would be permissible.’
Abū Ṭālib also transmitted from him that he said, ‘This is a lie: I do not know that the people are unanimous. Rather, he should say, “I know of no disagreement on the matter,” for that is better than saying, “There is a consensus of the people.”’
Abū al-Ḥārith likewise related from him that he said, ‘No one ought to claim consensus, for the people may have differed.’
The Qāḍī said: ‘Taken at face value these words would mean that he denied the validity of consensus, but that is not his intent. He spoke thus only out of pious caution, lest some dissent had not reached him, or he addressed those who are unaware of the disagreements among the early generations. Indeed, he explicitly affirmed the soundness of consensus in the narrations of ʿAbd Allāh and Abū al-Ḥārith, and he even invoked consensus in the narration of al-Ḥasan ibn Thawāb, where he said: “I hold that the takbīr is pronounced from the dawn of the Day of ʿArafah until the end of the Days of Tashrīq.” He was asked, “On what do you rely for this?” He replied, “On consensus: ʿUmar, ʿAlī, ʿAbd Allāh ibn Masʿūd, and ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbbās.”’
Our Shaykh said: I observed that what Ahmad rejected was the claim of a consensus that contradicts the Companions—whether such a claim is raised after them, after the Successors, or even after the three praised generations—and one scarcely finds in his words any argument