Qāʿidah fī Qitāl al-KuffārIbn Taimiya

—who wrongs the Muslims and whose very business is to fight—may be put to death whether he is standing, sitting, or asleep. He may likewise be executed after falling captive, for the Prophet ﷺ put more than one prisoner to death—such as ‘Uqbah b. Abi Mu‘ayt and al-Nadr b. al-Harith (1). He also referred the case of the Banu Qurayzah to Sa‘d b. Mu‘adh when they surrendered; Sa‘d ruled that their fighting men be slain and their women and children taken captive. Accordingly, they were all executed, and they numbered two hundred (2).

(1) See Ibn Taymiyya, al-Sarim al-Maslul, vol. 2, pp. 287, 279, 280, 500, 508. (2) See Ibn Taymiyya, Majmuʿ al-Fatawa, 33:40; al-Sarim al-Maslul, 2:477. A marginal note in the printed edition adds: “The accounts of maghazi and sira report that they were six hundred, or as many as nine hundred.” See also Ibn Saʿd, al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, 2:74; Ibn al-Qayyim, Zad al-Maʿad, 3:135.
الَّذي يُحِيفُ المُسْلِمِينَ، وَمنْ شأَنِهِ أَنْ يُقَاتِلَ، قُتِل قَائِمًا، أَوْ قَاعِدًا، أَوْ نَائِمًا. وَهُوَ يُقْتَلُ أَسِيرًا، فَقَدْ قَتَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ غَيرَ وَاحِدٍ بَعْدَ الأَسْر، مِثْل: عُقْبَة بنِ أَبِي مُعَيطٍ، وَالنَّضْرِ بنِ الحارِثِ (١)، وَحَكَّمَ سَعْدَ بنَ مُعَاذٍ فِي بَنِي قُرَيظَةَ - لمَّا نَزَلُوْا - أَنْ يَقْتُلَ مُقَاتِلَهُمْ، وَتُسْبَى ذَرَارِيهِمْ، فَقَتَلَهُمْ كُلَّهُمْ، وَكَانُوْا مِائَتَين (٢).
(١) انظر: الصارم المسلول (٢/ ٢٨٧، ٢٧٩، ٢٨٠، ٥٠٠، ٥٠٨). (٢) انظر: الفتاوى (٣٣/ ٤٠)، والصارم المسلول (٢/ ٤٧٧)، وكتب في هامش المطبوعة: (الذي في المغازي وكتب السير: أنهم كانوا ستمائة، أو أكثر إلى تسعمائة) وانظر: الطبقات الكبرى (٢/ ٧٤)، وزاد المعاد (٣/ ١٣٥).

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