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for Islam is a protection, and the jizyah together with the state of subjugation are likewise a protection (1). Since a person must either worship Allah or bring some benefit to the believers: the believer worships Allah and thus fulfills His due, whereas this man did not worship Allah, so he benefited the believer by paying what ransoms himself. For that reason he is allowed to remain, in the hope that Allah may guide him and accept his repentance.
Moreover, the People of the Book possess in their scriptures, or in what has been handed down among them, material that attests to the prophethood of Muhammad ﷺ, and so they were permitted to stay for these public interests (2).
(1) Omitted in the printed edition.
(2) The printed edition has: “al-maslaha” (consideration of welfare). Shaykh al-Islam states in Majmuʿ al-Fatawa 11/315: “All categories of miracles and extraordinary signs were granted to our Prophet Muhammad. Concerning knowledge, reports of the unseen, hearing, and vision: he informed us about the earlier prophets and their nations, conversed with them and described their circumstances; he also spoke about the saints (awliya) and others in a manner that matches what the People of the Book possess—whether transmitted to them by continuous report (tawatur) or otherwise—without having learned it from them. Likewise, he reported on matters of divine lordship, the angels, Paradise, and Hell in agreement with the prophets before him, again without receiving instruction from them. One can verify this concordance with the words of the previous prophets, at times through the manifest scriptures still in their hands and other widely transmitted reports, and at other times through what is known only to the elite among their scholars; in such cases, evidence may be adduced …"
أَصْلُهُ، فَإِنَّ الإِسْلامَ عَاصِمٌ، وَالجِزْيَةَ والصَّغَارَ عَاصِمٌ (١) إِذَا كَانَ لَابُدَّ إِمَّا مِنْ عِبَادِةِ الله، وَإِمَّا مِنْ نَفْعِ المُؤْمِنِيْنَ، فَالمُؤْمِنُ عَبَدَ اللهَ، فَقَامَ بِحَقِّه، وَهَذَا لَمْ يَعْبُدِ اللهَ، فنَفَعَ المُؤْمِنَ بِإِيْتَاءِ مَا يَجْزِيهِ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ؛ فَلِهَذَا أُقِرَّ، وَلَعَلَّ اللهَ يَهْدِيَهُ وَيَتَوبَ عَلَيْهِ.
وَلأَنَّ مَعَ أَهْلِ الكِتَابِ مِنَ الكُتُبِ أَوْ المَنْقُوْلاتِ مَا يَدَلُّ عَلَى نُبُوَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ، فَأُقِرُّوْا لِهَذِهِ المَصَالِح (٢).
(١) ساقطة من المطبوعة.
(٢) في المطبوعة: (المصلحة). قال شيخ الإسلام كما في الفتاوى (١١/ ٣١٥): (وقد جمع لنبينا محمد جميع أنواع المعجزات والخوارق، أما العلم والأخبار الغيبية والسماع والرؤية، فمثل إخبار نبينا عن الأنبياء المتقدمين وأممهم، ومخاطباته لهم وأحواله معهم، وغير الأنبياء من الأولياء وغيرهم بما يوافق ما عند أهل الكتاب الذين ورثوه بالتواتر أو بغيره من غير تعلم له منهم، وكذلك إخباره عن أمور الربوبية والملائكة والجنة والنار بما يوافق الأنبياء قبله من غير تعلم منهم، ويعلم أن ذلك موافق لنقول الأنبياء تارة بما في أيديهم من الكتب الظاهرة، ونحو ذلك من النقل المتواتر، وتارة بما يعلمه الخاصة من علمائهم وفي مثل هذا قد يستشهد =