Manāsik al-Ḥajj - Ibn Taimiya - (76)

Manāsik al-ḤajjIbn Taimiya

from the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—that he made purification a condition for tawaf, nor that he prohibited (1) a person in minor impurity from circumambulating; he simply performed tawaf while in a state of purity (2). However (3), it is soundly reported that he forbade a menstruating woman to perform tawaf (4).

The Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—also said:

“The key to prayer is purification; its inviolability begins with the opening takbir, and its release is the taslim.” (5)

Therefore, the acts of prayer for which purification is obligatory are those that open with the takbir and conclude with the taslim: the regular prayer that includes bowing and prostration, the funeral prayer (6), and the two prostrations for forgetfulness. Tawaf and the prostration of Qur’an recitation, however, do not fall under this ruling (7). Iʿtikāf must take place in a mosque, yet by unanimous agreement it does not require ritual purity; and a woman in iʿtikāf who begins menstruating is instructed not to remain in the mosque while the bleeding continues, even if

= 4/38; al-Qawanin al-Fiqhiyya, p. 89; Rawdat al-Talibin, 3/79; al-Fatawa, 26/205; al-Furu, 6/34; Ikhtiyarat al-Baʿli, p. 175; al-Insaf, 4/16. (1) Manuscript B adds the word ʿan (“from”). (2) On the authority of ʿAʾisha, may Allah be pleased with her: “The first thing the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, did when he arrived was to perform wudu, then circumambulate.” Reported by al-Bukhari (1416) and Muslim (1235). (3) Manuscripts C and D read: lakinahu (“however”). (4) ʿAʾisha, may Allah be pleased with her, related that when she menstruated the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, told her: “Do everything the pilgrim does except that you must not circumambulate the House until you have become pure.” Reported by Muslim (1211). (5) Reported by Ahmad (1006), Abu Dawud (61), al-Tirmidhi (3) and Ibn Majah (275), from the hadith of ʿAli ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him; graded authentic by al-Albani. (6) Manuscript D reads: ka-salat (“like the prayer”). (7) Manuscript C reads: falaysa (“then there is no”).

عنِ النبيِّ صلَّى اللَّهُ عليهِ وسلَّمَ أنَّهُ أَمَرَ بالطهارةِ للطوافِ، ولا نَهَى (١) الْمُحْدِثَ أنْ يطوفَ، ولكنَّهُ طافَ طاهِرًا (٢) ، لكن (٣) ثبتَ عنه صلى الله عليه وسلم أنَّهُ نَهَى الحائِضَ عنِ الطوافِ (٤) ، وقدْ قالَ النبي صلَّى اللَّهُ عليهِ وسلَّمَ: «مِفْتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ الطُّهُورُ، وَتَحْرِيمُهَا التَّكْبِيرُ، وَتَحْلِيلُهَا التَّسْلِيمُ» (٥) ، فالصلاةُ الَّتِي أَوْجَبَ لها الطهارةَ: مَا كانَ يُفْتَتَحُ بالتكبيرِ ويُخْتَمُ بالتسليمِ؛ كالصلاةِ الَّتِي فيها ركوعٌ وسجودٌ؛ وكصلاةِ (٦) الجنازةِ، وسجدَتَيِ السهوِ، وأمَّا الطوافُ وسجودُ التلاوَةِ؛ فليسَ (٧) مِنْ هذَا، والاعتكافُ يُشْتَرَطُ له المسجدُ، ولا يُشْتَرَطُ له الطهارةُ بالاتفاقِ، والمعتكِفَةُ الحائضُ تُنْهَى عَنِ اللُّبْثِ في المسجدِ [مع الحيضِ، وإنْ

= ٤/ ٣٨, القوانين الفقهية ص ٨٩, روضة الطالبين ٣/ ٧٩, الفتاوى ٢٦/ ٢٠٥، الفروع ٦/ ٣٤، اختيارات البعلي ص ١٧٥، الإنصاف ٤/ ١٦. (١) زيد في (ب): (عن). (٢) عن عائشة رضي الله عنها: «أن أول شيء بدأ به - حين قدم النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم - أنه توضأ، ثم طاف» رواه البخاري (١٤١٦) ومسلم (١٢٣٥). (٣) في (ج) و (د): (لكنه). (٤) عن عائشة رضي الله عنها: أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال لها لما حاضت: «افْعَلِي مَا يَفْعَلُ الحَاجُّ غَيْرَ أَنْ لَا تَطُوفِي بِالبَيْتِ حَتَّى تَطْهُرِي» رواه مسلم (١٢١١). (٥) رواه أحمد (١٠٠٦)، وأبو داود (٦١)، والترمذي (٣)، وابن ماجه (٢٧٥)، من حديث علي بن أبي طالب رضي الله عنه. وصححه الألباني. (٦) في (د): (كصلاة). (٧) في (ج): (فليسا).