• The trust (amānah): this comprises all matters that a servant has been entrusted with. Foremost is the trust between him and Allah, for Allah has charged His servant to carry out the obligatory duties and to refrain from the forbidden. Fulfilling these commands is the very essence of safeguarding the trust; neglecting any of the obligations—especially those hidden acts that only Allah sees—or daring to commit some prohibitions is abandoning the trust and adopting the traits of treachery.
It likewise includes the trusts that exist between you and people with respect to life, property, and rights. Whoever upholds them has preserved the trust; whoever violates, neglects, or betrays them has fallen into betrayal.
• The covenant and the contract: this covers
– the covenants and contracts between the servant and his Lord. Allah has concluded with those who are morally accountable a contract and bound them by covenant that they fulfill the purpose for which they were created—His worship—and that they observe His rights. To uphold this is loyalty to the covenant and the contract; to neglect it is to rend the covenant, break the contract, and forfeit trust.
– the covenants and contracts between a person and other people, all of which must be honored.
– every transaction contract without exception.
• Courage, cowardice, and recklessness: Allah in His Book extols courage, praises those who possess it, commands it, and condemns cowardice and reckless bravado.
– Courage is the heart’s strength and steadiness, and stepping forward in word and deed at the proper time with wisdom and discernment.
– Should a person advance in a situation where advance is unlawful, that is called recklessness, foolhardiness, and throwing oneself into ruin.