Taysir al-Latif al-Mannan fi Khulasat Tafsir al-Quran - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (الكتاب/396)

Taysir al-Latif al-Mannan fi Khulasat Tafsir al-QuranAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

• Allah has made supplication and keen hope in His bounty a means to obtain every goal. The proof is His saying, “Your Lord has said, ‘Call upon Me and I will answer you’” [Ghafir: 60], and His saying, “Call upon Him in fear and in hope; indeed, the mercy of Allah is near to those who excel in good” [al-A‘raf: 56].

• Allah has made excellence (ihsan) in worshipping the Creator and excellence toward His creatures a cause by which one receives His bounty and kindness, both immediate and deferred. This is confirmed by the verse just cited—“Indeed, the mercy of Allah is near to those who excel in good” [al-A‘raf: 56]—and by His words, “Is the reward for excellence anything but excellence?” [al-Rahman: 60], and, “Show excellence; Allah loves those who excel” [al-Baqarah: 195]. Whoever is loved by Allah attains all that he seeks.

• Allah has made repentance, seeking forgiveness, faith, righteous deeds, and even calamities borne with patience, means for erasing sins and offenses. The evidence is His saying, “I am indeed All-Forgiving to those who repent, believe, act righteously, and then remain guided” [Ta Ha: 82]; His saying, “Indeed, good deeds wipe away bad deeds” [Hud: 114]; and, “Whoever is mindful of Allah and patient—surely Allah does not let the reward of those who excel be lost” [Yusuf: 90].

• Allah has made patience itself a means and an instrument through which good is obtained and disliked matters are averted. This is supported by the previous verse and by His saying, “Seek help through patience and prayer” [al-Baqarah: 45]—that is, in all your affairs.

When Allah described the people of Paradise as having reached perfect bliss and freedom from every fear, He mentioned that this was the result of their patience, saying, “Peace be upon you for what you patiently endured” [al-Ra‘d: 24], and, “Those are the ones who will be rewarded the lofty chamber for what they patiently endured” [al-Furqan: 75].

Among the proofs is that He made patience together with certainty the means to the highest stations—leadership in religion—as in His words, “We made from among them leaders guiding by Our command when they were patient and were certain of Our signs” [al-Sajdah: 24].

• وجعلَ اللهُ الدعاءَ والطمعَ في فضلهِ سببًا لحصولِ جميعِ المطالبِ، دليلهُ قولهُ تعالى: ﴿وَقَالَ رَبُّكُمُ ادْعُونِي أَسْتَجِبْ لَكُمْ﴾ [غافر: ٦٠]، وقولهُ: ﴿وَادْعُوهُ خَوْفًا وَطَمَعًا إِنَّ رَحْمَتَ اللَّهِ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ﴾ [الأعراف: ٥٦]. • وجعلَ اللهُ الإحسانَ في عبادةِ الخالقِ، والإحسانَ إلى الخلقِ سببًا يُدرَكُ بهِ فضلهُ وإحسانهُ العاجلُ والآجلُ، شاهدهُ الآيةُ السابقةُ: ﴿إِنَّ رَحْمَتَ اللَّهِ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ﴾ [الأعراف: ٥٦] وقولهُ: ﴿هَلْ جَزَاءُ الْإِحْسَانِ إِلَّا الْإِحْسَانُ﴾ [الرحمن: ٦٠]، ﴿وَأَحْسِنُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُحْسِنِينَ﴾ [البقرة: ١٩٥]، ومَن أحبَّهُ اللهُ نالَ جميعَ ما يَطلبُ. • وجعلَ اللهُ التوبةَ والاستغفارَ والإيمانَ والحسناتِ والمصائبَ معَ الصبرِ عليها أسبابًا لمحوِ الذنوبِ والخطايا، شاهدهُ قولهُ تعالى: ﴿وَإِنِّي لَغَفَّارٌ لِمَنْ تَابَ وَآمَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا ثُمَّ اهْتَدَى (٨٢)﴾ [طه: ٨٢]، ﴿إِنَّ الْحَسَنَاتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّيِّئَاتِ﴾ [هود: ١١٤]، ﴿إِنَّهُ مَنْ يَتَّقِ وَيَصْبِرْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُضِيعُ أَجْرَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ﴾ [يوسف: ٩٠]. • وجعلَ اللهُ الصبرَ سببًا وآلةً تُدرَكُ بها الخيراتُ، ويستدفعُ بها الكريهاتُ، شاهدهُ الآيةُ السابقةُ، وقولهُ: ﴿وَاسْتَعِينُوا بِالصَّبْرِ وَالصَّلَاةِ﴾ [البقرة: ٤٥] أي: على جميعِ أمورِكم. ولما ذكرَ اللهُ ما وصلَ إليهِ أهلُ الجنةِ من كمالِ النعيمِ، وزوالِ كلِّ محذورٍ؛ ذكرَ أنَّ هذا أثرُ صبرِهم، فقالَ: ﴿سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ بِمَا صَبَرْتُمْ﴾ [الرعد: ٢٤]، ﴿أُولَئِكَ يُجْزَوْنَ الْغُرْفَةَ بِمَا صَبَرُوا﴾ [الفرقان: ٧٥]. ومنه: أنهُ جعَلَ الصبرَ واليقينَ تُنالُ بهما أعلى المقاماتِ، وهيَ الإمامةُ في الدينِ، دليلهُ قولهُ تعالى: ﴿وَجَعَلْنَا مِنْهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا لَمَّا صَبَرُوا وَكَانُوا بِآيَاتِنَا يُوقِنُونَ (٢٤)﴾ [السجدة: ٢٤].