Likewise, His words: “a transgressor, a sinner” (al-Qalam 12): a “transgressor” is one who exceeds all bounds in tyrannizing Allah’s servants, while “a sinner” is one who brazenly violates Allah’s sanctities.

Similarly, His repeated statement, “without any guardian or helper,” the guardian (walī) is the one who brings benefits to the one under his charge, whereas the helper (naṣīr) is the one who wards off harms from him.