Taysir al-Latif al-Mannan fi Khulasat Tafsir al-Quran - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (الكتاب/224)

Taysir al-Latif al-Mannan fi Khulasat Tafsir al-QuranAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

the very tops of the mountains. Noah said to him, “Today there is no refuge from Allah’s command except for the one upon whom He shows mercy” (Hud 43). No mountain, no fortress, nothing at all could protect—only whomever Allah chose to spare; and at that moment His mercy was found solely in boarding the Ark with Noah. “Then a wave came between them” (Hud 43), and the son was among those who drowned.

Allah therefore drowned all the unbelievers and saved Noah and everyone with him. In this there was a sign that what Noah had brought—pure monotheism, prophethood, resurrection, and the religion—was the truth, and that whoever opposed him was in error. It also demonstrated that recompense in this world is real: deliverance and honor for the people of faith, destruction and humiliation for the people of disbelief.

Once this tremendous end had been achieved, Allah commanded the sky to cease pouring water and the earth to swallow what it held. “The water subsided” (Hud 44), meaning it diminished little by little, and the Ark “came to rest upon al-Judi” (Hud 44), a lofty mountain well known in the vicinity of Mosul. This proves that the flood had covered every mountain and risen far above their peaks.

Noah grieved for his son and, with a softened and humble heart, called upon his Lord: “My Lord, my son is indeed of my family, and Your promise is surely true” (Hud 45)—that I should carry my family with me—and You are the Most Merciful of the merciful. His Lord replied, “He is not of your family” (Hud 46), meaning not of those who had been promised salvation, for Allah had qualified the promise by saying, “except those against whom the decree has already been passed” (Hud 40). “His deed is unrighteous” (Hud 46)—that is, your petition that your son, who followed the creed of his people, be spared. “So do not ask Me about that of which you have no knowledge. I admonish you lest you become one of the ignorant” (Hud 46). This was a gentle reproach, an instruction, and an admonition to Noah about making such a request, which had sprung only from paternal compassion. Supplication, however, must be founded upon knowledge and sincerity in seeking the good pleasure of Allah Almighty.

رؤوسِ الجبالِ، فقالَ لهُ نوحٌ: ﴿لَا عَاصِمَ الْيَوْمَ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا مَنْ رَحِمَ﴾ [هود: ٤٣] فلا يعصمُ جبلٌ ولا حصنٌ ولا غيرُ ذلكَ، إلا مَنْ رحِمَ اللهُ، ورحمتُهُ في تلكَ الحالِ متعينةٌ في ركوبِ السفينةِ معَ نوحٍ، ﴿وَحَالَ بَيْنَهُمَا الْمَوْجُ﴾ [هود: ٤٣] فكان ذلكَ الابنُ من المغرقينَ. فأغرقَ اللهُ جميعَ الكافرينَ، ونجَّى نوحًا ومَن معهُ أجمعينَ، وكان في ذلكَ آيةٌ على أنَّ ما جاءَ بهِ نوحٌ -من التوحيدِ والرسالةِ والبعثِ والدينِ- حقٌّ، وأنَّ مَنْ خالفَهُ فإنهُ مبطلٌ، ودليلٌ على الجزاءِ في الدنيا لأهلِ الإيمانِ بالنجاةِ والكرامةِ، ولأهلِ الكفرِ بالهلاكِ والإهانةِ. فلما حصَلَ هذا المقصودُ العظيمُ أمَرَ اللهُ السماءَ أنْ تقلعَ عن الماءِ، والأرضَ أنْ تبلعَ ما فيها، ﴿وَغِيضَ الْمَاءُ﴾ [هود: ٤٤] أي: نقُصَ شيئًا فشيئًا، ﴿وَاسْتَوَتْ﴾ السفينةُ بعدَ غيضِ الماءِ ﴿عَلَى الْجُودِيِّ﴾ وهوَ جبلٌ شامخٌ معروفٌ في نواحي «الموصل»، وهذا دليلٌ على أنَّ جميعَ الجبالِ قدْ غمرَتْها المياهُ وجاوزَها الطوفانُ. وحزِنَ نوحٌ على ابنهِ؛ فقالَ مناديًا ربَّهُ مترققًا متضرِّعًا: يا ﴿رَبِّ إِنَّ ابْنِي مِنْ أَهْلِي وَإِنَّ وَعْدَكَ الْحَقُّ﴾ [هود: ٤٥] أنْ أحملَ معي أهلي وأنتَ أرحم الراحمينَ، فقالَ لهُ ربهُ: ﴿إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ﴾ [هود: ٤٦] أي: الموعودِ بنجاتِهم؛ لأنَّ اللهَ قيَّدَ ذلكَ بقولهِ: ﴿إِلَّا مَنْ سَبَقَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَوْلُ﴾ [هود: ٤٠]، ﴿إِنَّهُ عَمَلٌ غَيْرُ صَالِحٍ﴾ [هود: ٤٦] أي: هذا الدعاءُ لابنِكَ الذي على دينِ قومهِ بالنجاةِ، ﴿فَلَا تَسْأَلْنِ مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ إِنِّي أَعِظُكَ أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْجَاهِلِينَ﴾ [هود: ٤٦] وهذا عتابٌ منهُ لنوحٍ وتعليمٌ لهُ وموعظةٌ عن مثلِ هذا الدعاءِ، الذي إنما حملَهُ عليهِ الشفقةُ الأبويةُ، وإنما الواجبُ في الدعاءِ أنْ يكونَ الحاملُ لهُ العلمَ والإخلاصَ في طلبِ رضا اللهِ تعالى.