Taysir al-Latif al-Mannan fi Khulasat Tafsir al-Quran - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (الكتاب/90)

Taysir al-Latif al-Mannan fi Khulasat Tafsir al-QuranAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

Section
4. Allah the Exalted says, “Establish prayer and give zakah” ⦗al-Baqarah 43⦘; and He says, “Take from their wealth a charity whereby you purify them and elevate them, and pray for them. Your prayer is a source of tranquility for them, and Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing” ⦗al-Tawbah 103⦘; and: “O you who believe, spend of the good things you have earned and of that which We have brought forth for you from the earth. Do not aim at the defective thereof to give away, for you yourselves would not take it except with eyes closed. Know that Allah is Self-Sufficient, Praiseworthy” ⦗al-Baqarah 267⦘; and He says, “Give its due on the day of its harvest” ⦗al-Anʿām 141⦘.⦗1⦘

• Allah pairs, in many verses of His Book, the command to establish prayer with the command to give zakah because the two share a single quality: they are among the most important obligations of the religion and among the great pillars of Islam. Faith is not complete without them. Whoever performs prayer and zakah upholds his religion; whoever neglects them will be even more neglectful of the rest of his religious duties.

Prayer embodies complete sincerity toward the One worshiped and is the measure of faith, while zakah embodies benevolence toward created beings and is the proof of faith. For that reason the Companions agreed unanimously to fight those who withheld zakah, and Abu Bakr (Allah be pleased with him) declared, “I will certainly fight anyone who separates prayer from zakah.”⦗2⦘

• His words, “Take from their wealth a charity” ⦗al-Tawbah 103⦘, are addressed to the Prophet ﷺ—and to anyone who stands in his place after him—commanding that he take from the Muslims’ wealth a charity, namely zakah. This includes every kind of property that carries monetary value: livestock, cultivated land, currency, and trade goods, just as He states elsewhere: “of the good things you have earned” ⦗al-Baqarah 267⦘—meaning money, merchandise, and productive livestock—“and of that which We have brought forth for you from the earth,” that is, grains and fruits.

(1) After this, the Kh manuscript adds: “the verse.” (2) Al-Bukhari, no. 1399; Muslim, no. 20.

فصل ٤ - قال تعالى: ﴿وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ﴾ [البقرة: ٤٣]، وقال: ﴿خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُطَهِّرُهُمْ وَتُزَكِّيهِمْ بِهَا وَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّ صَلَاتَكَ سَكَنٌ لَهُمْ وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ (١٠٣)﴾ [التوبة: ١٠٣]، وقال: ﴿يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْفِقُوا مِنْ طَيِّبَاتِ مَا كَسَبْتُمْ وَمِمَّا أَخْرَجْنَا لَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ وَلَا تَيَمَّمُوا الْخَبِيثَ مِنْهُ تُنْفِقُونَ وَلَسْتُمْ بِآخِذِيهِ إِلَّا أَنْ تُغْمِضُوا فِيهِ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ غَنِيٌّ حَمِيدٌ (٢٦٧)﴾ [البقرة: ٢٦٧]، وقال: ﴿وَآتُوا حَقَّهُ يَوْمَ حَصَادِهِ﴾ [الأنعام: ١٤١] (١). * قدْ جمعَ اللهُ في كتابهِ في آياتٍ كثيرةٍ بينَ الأمرِ بإقامِ الصلاةِ وإيتاءِ الزكاةِ؛ لأنهما مشتركتانِ في أنهما مِنْ أهمِّ فروضِ الدينِ، ومبانِي الإسلامِ العظيمةِ، والإيمانُ لا يتمُّ إلا بهما، ومَن قامَ بالصلاةِ وبالزكاةِ كان مقيمًا لدينهِ، ومَن ضيعَهما كان لما سواهما مِنْ دينهِ أضيعَ. فالصلاةُ فيها الإخلاصُ التامُّ للمعبودِ، وهيَ ميزانُ الإيمانِ، والزكاةُ فيها الإحسانُ إلى المخلوقينَ، وهيَ برهانُ الإيمانِ؛ ولهذا اتفقَ الصحابةُ على قتالِ مانعِي الزكاةِ، وقالَ أبو بكر ﵁: «لأقاتلنَّ مَنْ فرَّقَ بينَ الصلاةِ والزكاةِ» (٢). * فقولهُ تعالى: ﴿خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً﴾ [التوبة: ١٠٣] هذا الأمرُ موجَّهٌ للنبيِّ ﷺ، ومنْ قامَ مقامَهُ، أنْ يأخذَ من أموالِ المسلمينَ صدقةً، وهيَ الزكاةُ، وهذا شاملٌ لجميعِ الأموالِ المتمولةِ: من أنعامٍ، وحروثٍ، ونقودٍ، وعُرُوضٍ؛ كما صرحَ بهِ في الآيةِ الأخرى: ﴿مِنْ طَيِّبَاتِ مَا كَسَبْتُمْ﴾ [البقرة: ٢٦٧] من النقودِ والعروضِ والماشيةِ المنماةِ، ﴿وَمِمَّا أَخْرَجْنَا لَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ﴾ من الحبوبِ والثمارِ.

(١) بعدها في (خ): الآية. (٢) البخاري (١٣٩٩)، ومسلم (٢٠).