Umdat at-TalibAl-Buhuti

It is recommended that the preacher deliver the sermon standing on a pulpit or any other elevated spot, greet the worshippers with the salutation of peace when he turns to them, sit until the call to prayer is completed and briefly between the two sermons, lean on something such as a sword, face the congregation directly, keep the sermon short, and pray for the Muslims.

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The Friday prayer consists of two rakʿahs. It is recommended to recite aloud Surah al-Jumuʿah in the first rakʿah and Surah al-Munāfiqūn in the second. At the dawn (Fajr) prayer on Friday, it is recommended to recite Surah al-Sajdah (Alif-Lām-Mīm Tanzīl) in the first rakʿah and Surah al-Insān (Hal Atā) in the second.

Like the ʿEid prayer, it is unlawful to establish the Friday prayer in more than one place within a single town unless a need exists, such as overcrowding or fear of discord. If multiple Friday prayers are nevertheless held, the later one is invalid; and if it is unclear which came first, the congregation is obliged to pray Dhuhr instead.

The minimum recommended sunnah prayers after the Friday prayer are two rakʿahs, while the maximum is six.

One should bathe, apply perfume, wear his best clothes, set out for the mosque on foot (1), draw close to the imam, recite Surah al-Kahf on that day, frequently invoke blessings upon the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—and not step over people’s necks except for the imam or to reach an empty space.

It is forbidden to make someone else stand so that one may sit in his place, or to remove a spread prayer mat (2), except when the prayer has already begun. Whoever vacates his spot for a momentary reason and returns quickly has a stronger right to it (3).

(1) Manuscripts A, B, and C read: “yubakkir” (he comes early). (2) This refers to a prayer mat or similar item; it is forbidden to remove it, for it serves as the owner’s proxy. (3) The phrase, “Whoever gets up for a temporary need and then returns shortly thereafter has the strongest claim to his place,” is missing from manuscript B.
وسُنَّ أنْ يخطبَ قَائمًا على منبرٍ أو موضعٍ عالٍ، ويُسلّم على المأمومين إذا أقبل عليهم، ويجلس إلى فراغِ الأذان وبين الخطبتين قليلًا، ويعتمد على نحو سيفٍ، ويقصدُ تلقاءَ وجهِه، ويقصرُ الخطبةَ ويدعُو للمسلمين. فصلٌ والجمعةُ ركعتانِ، يقرأ جهرًا نَدْبًا في الأُولى بـ "الجمعة" ، وفي الثانية بـ "المنافقين" . وفي فَجْرها في الأولى "ألم السجدة" ، وفي الثانية "هل أتى" . وتحرمُ إقامتُها كعيدٍ في أكثرَ مِنْ موضع مِنَ البلدِ إلَّا لحاجةٍ كضيقٍ وفتنةٍ، فإنْ فعلوا فالمسبوقةُ باطلةٌ، وإنْ جُهل الحالُ صلَّوا ظهرًا وُجوبًا. وأقلُّ السُّنةِ بعدها ركعتانِ، وأكثرُها ستٌّ. ويتنظَّفُ ويتطيَّبُ ويلبسُ أحسنَ ثِيابهِ، ويَسير (١) إِلَيها مَاشيًا، ويدنُو مِنْ إمامِه، ويقرأ سورةَ الكهف في يَومِها، ويكثرُ من الصلاة على النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم -، ولا يتخطَّى الرِّقابَ إلَّا الإمامُ أو لِفُرجةٍ. وحَرُم إقامةُ غيرِه ليجلسَ مَكانه، ورفعُ مُصلَّى مفروشٍ (٢) ، إلا إذَا حضرتِ الصلاةُ، ومن قامَ لعارضٍ ثم عادَ قريبًا فهو أحقُّ بِمكانِه (٣) .
(١) في (أ) و (ب) و (ج): "يبكِّر". (٢) كالسجادة ونحوها، وحرم رفعها؛ لأنها كالنائب عن صاحبها. (٣) قوله: "ومن قام لعارض ثم عاد قريبًا فهو أحق بمكانه" ليس في (ب).

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