Umdat at-TalibAl-Buhuti

[Deferred Usury (ribā al-nasīʾa)]
Deferred usury is forbidden in every exchange between two commodities that are both sold by volume or by weight when neither of them is a monetary currency, even if the two commodities are of different genera. If the parties separate before each has taken possession, the transaction is void, just like currency exchange. It is, however, permissible to defer payment when a commodity sold by volume is exchanged for one sold by weight, or when the items involved are neither measured by volume nor by weight, such as walnuts or eggs; what remains impermissible is the exchange of one deferred claim for another.

Silver (dirhams) and gold (dīnārs) become specifically designated once they are named (1) in the contract, and they may not be substituted. If the designated coins are usurped property or defective and a replacement of a different genus is offered, the contract is void. If the substitute is of the same genus, the buyer may either keep them or return them, but no compensation (arsh) is due when the genus is identical.

[Chapter: Sale of Realty and Produce]
Whoever sells a house sells along with it its land, its structure, its fixed door, any permanently affixed staircase and shelf, and any buried clay cistern (2); this does not include the rope, bucket, pulley, key, any buried treasure, or the like.

When land is sold, its planted trees and buildings are included, even if the seller does not explicitly say “together with its appurtenances,” while standing crops such as wheat and barley remain the property of the seller.

If the crop is one that is harvested or picked repeatedly, its roots belong to the purchaser, while the current visible cutting or picking belongs to the seller (3) unless the buyer stipulates otherwise. If date-palms have reached the stage where the spathe has split open, the seller retains the fruit (4) until

(1) In copy C, the reading is: "bitaayyin". (2) al-khabiya: a water container used for storage. (3) Omitted in the base manuscript, but present in copies A and B. (4) Copy B reads: "yabqa" (remains).
[رِبا النَّسِيئَة] ويحرمُ رِبا نَسِيئةٍ بين كلِّ مَكِيلَيْن أو مَوْزُونَيْنِ ليس أحدهما نقدًا، ولو من جنسين، فإن تفرّقا قبل قبضٍ بَطَل كالصَّرْف، ويجوز النَّساءُ في بيعِ مَكِيلٍ بموزونٍ وما لا كيل فيه ولا وزن كالجَوز والبَيْض، لا بيع دين بدين. وتتعيَّن دراهم ودنانير بتعيينٍ (١) في العقد، فلا تُبدل وإن كانت مغصوبةً أو معيبةً من غير الجنس بَطَل، ومعيبة من الجنس أمسك، أو رَدّ ولا أرش إن اتحد الجنس. [باب بيع الأصول والثمار] من باع دارًا شَمِلَ أرضَهَا وبِنَاءَهَا وبابَهَا المنصوب وسُلّمًا ورفَّاً منصوبين، وخَابِيَة (٢) مَدْفُونةً، دُون حبل ودلوٍ وبَكرةٍ ومفتاحٍ وكَنزٍ ونحوها. وأرضًا شمل غِرَاسها وبِنَاءها، وإن لم يقل بحقوقها، دون زَرعٍ نحو بُرٍّ وشعيرٍ، ويبقى لبائع. وإن كان يُجَزُّ أو يُلقطُ مِرارًا فأصولُه لمُشترٍ، وجَزّةٌ ولَقْطَةٌ ظاهرتان عند بيعٍ [لِبائعٍ] (٣) إن لم يشْتَرِطْهُ مُشترٍ، ونَخْلًا تَشَقَّقَ طلْعُه فلبائعٍ مُبَقّى (٤) إلى
(١) في (ج): "بتعيّن". (٢) الخابية: وعاء الماء الذي يُحفظ فيه. (٣) ليس في (الأصل)، وهو في (أ) و (ب). (٤) في (ب): "يبقى".

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