Umdat at-TalibAl-Buhuti

it along with the arsh for the defect or for the breakage, whereas in the case of an ordinary chicken egg that he finds spoiled(1) he may recover the whole price.(2)

His option remains in abeyance(3) until some indication of his satisfaction appears; it is contingent on neither a judicial ruling nor the consent(4) of his associate.

If the two parties disagree about where the defect arose while both possibilities remain plausible, the buyer’s word is accepted upon his oath;(5) but if the circumstances admit only one party’s claim,(6) that claim is accepted without an oath.(7)

Sixth: the option connected to a sale that hinges on disclosure of the purchase price.(8) It comes into play when the seller bought the item from someone whose testimony would not be admissible in his favor,(9) or at a price higher than the market value as a stratagem, or because of a personal preference unique to him; or when he has already sold part of the lot for its proportionate share of the price, or the like, and failed to disclose that fact when stating the price.(10) In all such cases the buyer has the choice(11) either to rescind or to uphold the sale.

As for a murabaha sale and similar arrangements, if it turns out that the seller’s disclosure was untrue, the surplus—and its proportional share(12) of

(1) In manuscript J the reading is “yajid” (he finds). (2) This is because the shell of a hen’s egg has no practical use, so the contract was concluded over something from which no benefit at all can be derived. (3) Manuscript J reads “mutaakhkhir” (later). (4) The following words are an addition found only in manuscript J. (5) The basic assumption is that no physical delivery occurred with respect to the portion that has already lapsed. (6) Manuscript B has “al-aqwal” (statements). (7) The word “qabla” (before) is absent from manuscripts B and J. (8) That is, this right of cancellation applies to sales in which the seller tells the buyer the original cost price; such transactions are known as buyu al-amanat (trust-based sales). (9) Manuscripts A and B read “min” (from). (10) Manuscripts B and J read “ikhbar” (notification). (11) Manuscript J adds “fa li-l-mushtari” (then the buyer [has the right]). (12) Hidayat al-Raghib, 2/450, observes: “The clearer formulation would have been to say: fa-yasqut (so it is annulled).”
مَعَه أرش عيبه أو كَسْرِه، بخلاف نحو بيض دجاج يجده (١) فاسدًا فيرجع بكل ثمنه (٢) . وخياره مُتَرَاخ (٣) ما لم يوجد دليل رضاه، ولا يفتقر إلى حكمٍ ولا [إلى] (٤) رضا رفيقه. وإن اختلفا عند مَنْ حَدَثَ العيبُ مع احتمالٍ، فقولُ مشترٍ بيمينه (٥) ، فإن لم يحتمل إلا قولَ (٦) أحدهما قُبل (٧) بلا يمين. السادس: خيارٌ في البيع بتخبير (٨) الثمن، إذا اشتراه ممن (٩) لا تقبل شهادتهُ له، أو بأكثر مِنْ ثمنه حيلة، أو لرغبةٍ تخصّه، أو باع بَعْض الصفقة بقسطها من الثمن ونحوه ولم يبيّن ذلك في إخباره (١٠) بثمنه فلمشترٍ (١١) الخيار بين ردٍ وإمساك. وأما بيع المُرَابَحَة ونحوه إذا بان خلافُ إخبارِه سَقَطَ (١٢) زائدٌ وقسطه من
(١) في (ج): "يجد". (٢) وذلك لأن بيض الدجاج لا يُنتفع بقشره، فوقع العقد على غير منتفع به أصلًا. (٣) في (ج): "متأخر". (٤) زيادة من (ج). (٥) لأن الأصل عدم القبض في الجزء الفائت. (٦) في (ب): "الأقوال"!! (٧) قوله: "قبل" ليس في (ب) و (ج). (٨) أي أن هذا الخيار يثبت في البيوع التي يخبر البائعُ المشتريَ برأس المال، وتُسمّى: بيوع الأمانات. (٩) في (أ) و (ب): "من". (١٠) في (ب) و (ج): "إخبار". (١١) في (ج): "فللمشتر". (١٢) قال في: "هداية الراغب" (٢/ ٤٥٠): "وكان الأظهر أن يقول: فيسقط".

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