16
8 - Sorcery, which includes:
- That which separates a man from his wife, such as the sorcery practised by the people of Babylon (1).
- That which bewitches people’s eyes so that things appear other than they really are, such as the sorcery of Pharaoh’s sorcerers (2).
- That which involves blowing on knots, such as the sorcery of Labīd ibn al-Aʿsam and his daughters (3).
These forms of sorcery are founded on associating partners with Allah by worshipping the jinn or celestial bodies.
(1) Mentioned in the words of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic: “But the devils disbelieved, teaching people sorcery and what was sent down to the two angels in Babylon, Hārūt and Mārūt. Yet those two taught no one without first saying, ‘We are only a trial, so do not disbelieve.’ They learned from them that by which they would separate a man from his wife” [al-Baqara: 102].
(2) Mentioned in several verses, including the words of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic: “When they threw, they bewitched the people’s eyes, terrified them, and produced mighty sorcery” [al-A‘rāf: 116]; and His words, the Almighty and Majestic: “He said, ‘Rather, you throw.’ Then, through their sorcery, their ropes and staffs appeared to him to be moving” [Tā Hā: 66].
(3) He was the Jew who bewitched the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. The account is related by al-Bukhārī (3286) and Muslim (2189), in the hadith narrated by ‘Ā’isha <.
For his daughters being sorceresses, see Ma‘ālim al-Tanzīl, 8/596, and al-Muharrar al-Wajīz, 8/715.
٨ - السِّحْرُ، ويشملُ:
- ما يُفرَّق به بين المرءِ وزوجه؛ كـ: سِحرِ أهل بابِل (١).
- ما يَسحرُ أعين الناس حتى تُرى الأشياء على غير حقيقتها؛ كـ: سحرِ سحرة فرعون (٢).
- ما يكون بالنَّفْثِ في العُقَدِ؛ كـ: سحر لَبِيْدِ بنِ الأعصم وبناتِه (٣).
وهذه الأنواعُ تقومُ على الشركِ بالله بعبادةِ الجنِ أو الكواكب.
(١) المذكور في قول الله ﷿: ﴿وَلَكِنَّ الشَّيْاطِينَ كَفَرُوا يُعَلِّمُونَ النَّاسَ السِّحْرَ وَمَا أُنزِلَ عَلَى الْمَلَكَيْنِ بِبَابِلَ هَارُوتَ وَمَارُوتَ وَمَا يُعَلِّمَانِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ حَتَّى يَقُولاَ إِنَّمَا نَحْنُ فِتْنَةٌ فَلاَ تَكْفُرْ فَيَتَعَلَّمُونَ مِنْهُمَا مَا يُفَرِّقُونَ بِهِ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَزَوْجِهِ﴾ [البقرة: ١٠٢].
(٢) المذكور في آيات، منها: قول الله ﷿: ﴿فَلَمَّا أَلْقَوْا سَحَرُوا أَعْيُنَ النَّاسِ وَاسْتَرْهَبُوهُمْ وَجَاءوا بِسِحْرٍ عَظِيمٍ﴾ [الأعراف: ١١٦] وقوله ﷿: ﴿قَالَ بَلْ أَلْقُوا فَإِذَا حِبَالُهُمْ وَعِصِيُّهُمْ يُخَيَّلُ إِلَيْهِ مِن سِحْرِهِمْ أَنَّهَا تَسْعَى﴾ [طه: ٦٦].
(٣) هو اليهودي الذي سَحَر النبي ﷺ، والقصة في: البخاري (٣٢٨٦)، ومسلم (٢١٨٩) من حديث عائشة <.
وانظر لكون بناته سواحر: «معالم التنزيل» ٨/ ٥٩٦، و «المحرر الوجيز» ٨/ ٧١٥.