the sacred precincts (mashāʿir) of the pilgrimage, so that they may witness benefits for themselves arising from cooperation, mutual affection, consultation, and the exchange of ideas and opinions—all of which return to the Muslims with goodness and blessing.

Among the benefits of congregational prayer are harmony and acquaintance, the unlearned taking knowledge from the learned, competition in acts of righteousness, the strong showing kindness to the weak, the wealthy to the poor, and countless other advantages that elude enumeration. Allah alone grants success.