3 – There is no contradiction between this ḥadith and the preceding report, “Whoever reaches dawn and has not prayed witr, then he has no witr.” The latter concerns the person who is awake and mindful, for the time of witr for him ends with the break of the second (true) dawn. By contrast, the ḥadith under discussion pertains to the one who was asleep or heedless; for such a person, this—upon waking or remembering—is the time of the prayer.
4 – The plain sense of this ḥadith, corroborated by the report in the two Ṣaḥīḥs, is that whoever sleeps through his witr until morning, or forgets it, should offer it after dawn has broken, and that this is its prescribed time—an on-time performance, not a makeup. Allah knows best.
5 – Al-Iqnāʿ states: “He makes it up together with the even rakaʿāt (shafʿ) if its time has passed,” citing the ḥadith of Abū Saʿīd in which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Whoever sleeps through the witr or forgets it, let him pray it when he wakes up or remembers.” Reported by Abū Dāwūd. The marginal commentary adds: “According to the school’s position, he makes it up in the same form.” Shaykh al-Islām said: “It is authentically established that the Prophet ﷺ said, ‘Whoever sleeps through a prayer or forgets it should perform it when he remembers; that is its time.’ ” This applies to the obligatory prayers, the night vigil (qiyām al-layl), and the regular Sunnah prayers.
6 – A group of scholars, however, maintain that witr is not to be made up in its usual form. If dawn rises upon a person who has not performed it, the opportunity for witr has lapsed and he has no witr to pray, as related in a version of Ibn Ḥibbān. They also cite as evidence Muslim’s report (746) from ʿĀʾishah (may Allah be pleased with her): “Whenever sleep or illness prevented the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from standing for the night prayer, he would pray twelve rakʿahs during the day.” He normally performed witr with eleven rakʿahs, so during the day he would pray them as even-numbered units, adding one rakʿah. Thus, whoever habitually prays three rakʿahs for witr and then forgets should preferably pray four, one whose custom is five should pray six, one whose practice is seven should pray eight, one who normally prays nine should pray ten, and one accustomed to eleven should pray twelve. This is deemed a makeup for the witr, except that it is offered as even-numbered units.