a praised station.” (17:79)
Muslim relates—on the authority of Abū Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him)—that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “The finest prayer after the prescribed obligations is the night-prayer.”
Al-Tirmidhī (1858) and Ibn Mājah (1334) transmit, through ʿAbd Allāh ibn Salām, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ proclaim, “People! Spread peace, provide food, maintain family ties, and pray at night while others sleep; you will enter Paradise in peace.”
The prophetic reports on this subject are many. Night prayer has been given precedence over daytime prayer because it is more hidden from the eyes of others and therefore nearer to sincerity. For this reason the early generations strove hard in supplication during the night, yet no sound would be heard from them.
Moreover, praying at night is more taxing on the soul, and the best deeds are those in which obedience to Allah is preferred over personal comfort. Recitation in the night prayer is also more conducive to reflection, for distractions are cut off and heart and tongue can work together, as the Exalted says: “Indeed, rising at night is a time when impression is stronger and speech more upright” (73:6).
Allah has praised those who rise from their beds to remember Him, to supplicate, seek forgiveness, and engage in intimate discourse, saying: “Their sides forsake their beds as they call upon their Lord in fear and hope, and out of what We have provided them they spend. No soul knows what comfort of eyes is kept hidden for them as a reward for what they used to do” (32:16–17).
3 – Imām Aḥmad said: The period of night vigil (qiyām al-layl) extends from sunset until the break of dawn, so the voluntary prayer between the two evening prayers counts as part of it. As for al-nāshiʾah, it is only after one has slept, for the Most High says: “Indeed, rising at night is a time when impression is stronger and speech more upright” (73:6).
The most excellent time for night prayer is the third that follows the midpoint of the night; this is the practice of David, which the Prophet ﷺ commended. Shaykh al-Islām said: The last half of the night is superior to the first, and even better than the final third