257 – Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to seek refuge with the following at the close of every prayer:

‘O Allah, I seek refuge with You from miserliness, I seek refuge with You from cowardice, I seek refuge with You from being returned to the most abject stage of life, I seek refuge with You from the temptations of this world, and I seek refuge with You from the punishment of the grave.’ ”
Related by al-Bukhārī (1).

Vocabulary of the ḥadith:
• yataʿawwadh: from ʿādha – yaʿūḏu, “to seek refuge, to take shelter, to cling for protection.” One says: aʿūḏu billāh mina sh-shayṭān (“I seek refuge with Allah from Satan”), meaning to seek His protection.
• al-bukhl: miserliness or stinginess. The verb is bakhila – yabkhilu – bukhlan; the noun is bukhl. It denotes withholding and avarice, the opposite of generosity and open-handedness. Some distinguish bukhl (the act of withholding) from shuḥḥ (an inner disposition that prompts withholding). In the Sharīʿah, bukhl is refusing to fulfill obligatory dues. The active-participle is bakhīl (“miser”); plural bukhalaʾ.
• al-jubn: cowardice. From jabuna – yajbunu – jubnan. The noun jabān (coward) has the plural jubanāʾ. It describes one who is fearful and therefore refrains from taking action. Al-Fayyūmī states in al-Miṣbāḥ that a jabān is “weak-hearted.”
• uraddu: passive form of radda (“to return, to send back”), meaning “to be returned.”
• arḏal: comparative of raḏālah (baseness). From raḏula – yarḏulu – raḏlan: “to be vile or low.” raḏīl denotes something contemptible or inferior; plurals arḏāl and raḏalāʾ.