a servant of Allah. Accordingly, resisting one’s own whims does not count as a legally recognized hardship in the performance of duties, even though it can be difficult in everyday experience. Were it deemed a hardship that warranted concessions, the very purpose for which the Sharia was revealed would be undone—and that is inconceivable.
Issue Six: Moderation in religious duties and the call to observe them
The Sharia lays down its obligations along a middle course, taking a fair portion from both extremes, within the range of human capacity, without strain and without laxity. Thus it originally obligated prayer, almsgiving, fasting, and pilgrimage with no evident prior cause, or for a cause linked to people’s lack of knowledge, as in His words: “They ask you what they should spend” (al-Baqarah 2:219) and “They ask you about wine and gambling” (al-Baqarah 2:219), and similar cases.
If legislation is issued because the legally responsible person has veered toward one extreme, the ruling brings him back to the center—but it does so by leaning toward the opposite side so that true balance may be restored. In the same way, a caring physician guides a patient toward whatever benefits him in view of his condition; once his health is firmly re-established, the physician prescribes for him a regimen that is squarely balanced and suited to all his circumstances.
Whenever you examine any comprehensive legal principle, you will find it fostering moderation. Should you observe it incline toward one extreme, that is only to counter an actual or anticipated deviation on the other side.
Thus, the side of severity—most often conveyed through warnings and threats—is invoked to counter those in whom religious laxity predominates.
Conversely, the side of leniency—expressed through hope, encouragement, and concessions—is directed to those overwhelmed by excessive hardship.
When neither of these imbalances is present, pure moderation is manifest and the path of balance stands clear; that is the fundamental norm to which everything returns.