and the areas of scholarly disagreement on this point will be discussed later.
3 – The ḥadith shows that what the Companions were asking about was the manner of invoking blessings, not its legal ruling, for the ruling was already clear to them from the Qur’anic verse. Being native speakers of Arabic, they also knew that any unqualified command may be fulfilled with whatever wording one chooses; what they sought, however, was the complete, detailed, and most perfect formula. For that reason the Prophet ﷺ outlined for them both the procedure and the preferred wording of the prayer for blessings upon him.
4 – The wording cited in the report is recommended within the ritual prayer, whether the prayer is obligatory or voluntary.
5 – Part of our Prophet’s right over us is that we invoke blessings and supplicate for him, for this magnificent religion and supreme favor reached us from Allah only through him and by his hand. It is therefore our duty to send blessings upon him. Our prayers for him—and those of the angels—are really supplications and praise on his behalf; whoever invokes one blessing upon him, Allah will in return bless that person ten times. We should therefore do so frequently, especially on Friday, and with the prescribed formulas and expressions.
6 – Among the reasons for the Prophet’s exalted status and the elevation of his ranks and degrees is the supplication of his community for him and their prayers and salutations upon him.
7 – The blessings upon the Prophet ﷺ have come down to us in various wordings and multiple narrations. The scholars unanimously agree that every authenticated formula for invoking blessings upon our Prophet is permissible and may be used—but not all within a single prayer. Rather, in any given prayer one employs a single formula; over time this allows a person to act on all the texts and keep every Sunnah narration alive. Nonetheless, the formula cited in the present ḥadith is the one preferred for most occasions.
8 – Explanation of certain phrases:
– “O Allah, send prayers upon Muhammad”: when the prayer (ṣalāh) is from Allah, it means His praise of His servant in the highest assembly, as al-Bukhārī narrated from Abū al-ʿĀliyah.