16
Objectives
The sole purpose for which the revealed laws were laid down is to secure the welfare of Allah’s servants in both the immediate and the ultimate sense. This is affirmed by verses such as: “We have sent you only as a mercy to all beings” [21:107]; “Permission to fight is granted to those who have been wronged” [22:39]; and His words, “Am I not your Lord?” They replied, “Yes indeed, we bear witness,” lest you say on the Day of Resurrection, “We were unaware of this” [7:172]. A careful induction of the entire Sharia therefore shows that it was instituted for the benefit of humankind.
The objectives fall into two categories:
- Those that pertain to the Lawgiver’s intent in instituting the Sharia.
- Those that pertain to the intention of the accountable individual in his actions.
المقاصد
إن وضع الشرائع إنما هو لمصالح العباد في العاجل والآجل معًا، وهذا ما يدلُّ عليه مثلُ قوله تعالى: ﴿وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا رَحْمَةً لِلْعَالَمِينَ (١٠٧)﴾، وقوله تعالى: ﴿أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقَاتَلُونَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ظُلِمُوا﴾، وقوله تعالى: ﴿أَلَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قَالُوا بَلَى شَهِدْنَا أَنْ تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هَذَا غَافِلِينَ﴾ فدلَّ الاستقراء من الشريعة أنها وضعَتْ لمصالح العباد.
المقاصد قسمان:
أحدهما: يرجع إلى قصد الشارع مِنْ وضعه الشريعة.
الثاني: يرجع إلى قصد المكلَّف من أفعاله.