from the narration of Ibn Masʿūd.

Glossary of the ḥadith:
– subḥānak: accusative as a verbal noun whose verb (usabbiḥ, “I glorify”) has been omitted. It is a proper noun denoting glorification, and such a proper noun is only annexed when indefinite. Its meaning is to declare Allah free of every imperfection.
– wa bi-ḥamdik: the prefixed wāw may indicate a circumstantial clause or a simple conjunction. Whether ḥamd is annexed to the subject—so that “praise” connotes its necessary implications—or to the object, the sense is: “I have glorified You while clothed in my praise of You.” In other words, any glorification I perform is by Your enabling grace and guidance, not through my own power or strength.
– taʿālā: He has become magnified, exalted, and transcendent above all that is unbefitting to His Majesty.
– jadduk: pronounced with a fatḥah on the jīm and a doubled dāl; it means Your greatness, majesty, and sovereignty.
– al-rajīm: the one pelted with rejection and cursed, expelled from Allah’s mercy.
– hamzih: the madness or epileptic fits that may afflict a person.
– nafkhih: his insinuations that lead a person to glorify himself and belittle others, so that he scorns them and exalts himself over them.
– nafthih: Ibn al-Qayyim explained that nafth is the act of sorcery. The “naffāthāt” (those who blow) are the corrupt souls and evil spirits, for magic operates only through such vile spirits. When the sorcerer’s soul becomes permeated with the malice he intends for the victim, he blows into the knots, mixing his breath with spittle. From his wicked soul there emerges a breath fused with harm and injury, accompanied by the spittle that mingles with it, and this takes effect by Allah’s universal (creative) decree, not by His legislative command.

Points derived from the ḥadith:
1 – This is one of the legitimised formulas for opening the prayer. Ibn al-Qayyim said: It is authentically established that ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (may Allah be pleased with him) began his prayer with it and recited it aloud to teach it to the people, so it is