Tawḍīḥ al-AḥkāmAbd Allah al-Bassam

And He, the Exalted, also says: “those who pardon people; Allah loves the doers of good.” ⦗Āl ʿImrān 134⦘.

3 – The hadith makes it clear that the sin of abusive speech falls upon the one who initiates it—whether he does so outright, or provokes it through his deeds or conduct. No sin rests on the one who answers back unless he exceeds his rightful measure, in which case he becomes the wrongdoer.

4 – Trading insults is not the practice of dignified people of standing and honor; it is the practice of the foolish, of those whose lack of modesty fails to restrain them from obscene and vulgar talk. A Muslim should therefore shun such behavior and keep away from anyone who lacks good character. He should deal with them according to the etiquette taught by the Quran: turning away from the ignorant, pardoning graciously, showing patience, forgiving, and overlooking, so that he may attain the rank of those whose character has been shaped by the Quran. Allah is the One who grants success.
***

وقال تعالى: ﴿وَالْعَافِينَ عَنِ النَّاسِ وَاللَّهُ يُحِبُّ الْمُحْسِنِينَ (١٣٤)﴾ [آل عمران]. ٣ - دلَّ الحديث على أنَّ إثم السباب يقع على الذي بدأ بالسباب: إما مباشرة، أو تسبب له بأفعاله، أو أحواله. ولا يقع على المجازي إلاَّ إذا زاد على حقه، فيصير ظالمًا. ٤ - السباب ليس من خلق ذوي الهيئات والمرواءات، وإنما هو خلق السفهاء، ومن ليس لديهم حياء يردهم عن هُجْرِ الكلام، وفاحشه، والبذاءة؛ لذا فإنه يُجمل بالمسلم أن يبتعد عن هذه الأخلاق، وأن ينأى عمن ليس عنده خلق حسن؛ فليتأدب معه بآداب القرآن من الإعراض عن الجاهلين، والصفح الجميل، والصبر، والعفو، والمغفرة؛ لينال درجة المتخلقين بالقرآن، والله الموفق. ***

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