this is a blameworthy trait that the Wise Lawgiver has forbidden because of the evils it breeds in this world and because it devours good deeds just as fire consumes firewood.
Second: “Do not artificially inflate prices against one another.” Najsh is when a person raises the bid on a commodity not with the intention of buying it, but only to harm the buyer by driving the price up, or to benefit the seller by securing a higher return. It is unlawful. When it occurs, the buyer has the option either to uphold the transaction or to rescind it, having been subjected to deceit, trickery, and an unjustified increase in cost.
Third: “Do not hate one another.” Muslims have been forbidden to harbor mutual hatred, for Allah has made them brothers. The Prophet ﷺ said: “By Him in Whose hand is my soul! You will not enter Paradise until you believe, and you will not truly believe until you love one another. Shall I direct you to something which, if you do it, you will grow to love one another? Spread the greeting of peace among yourselves.” (Muslim 54)
For this very reason Allah has prohibited tale-bearing, which sows enmity and hatred, while He has permitted speaking untruthfully when the purpose is to reconcile people.
Hatred for Allah’s sake, however, is among the firmest bonds of faith and is not included in the prohibition. Ibn ʿAbbās said: “Whoever loves for Allah’s sake, hates for Allah’s sake, shows loyalty for Allah’s sake, and shows enmity for Allah’s sake will attain Allah’s friendship thereby. A servant will not taste the sweetness of faith—even though his prayers and fasting be many—until he is like that. Most people’s companionship today is based on worldly matters, and that will avail them nothing.” Reported by Ibn Jarīr.
Fourth: “Do not turn your backs on one another.” The term is derived from one person giving another his back and deliberately turning his face away. Al-Bukhārī (6237) and Muslim (2560) relate, on the authority of Abū Ayyūb al-Anṣārī, that the Prophet ﷺ said: “It is not lawful for a Muslim to shun his brother for more than three days; the better of the two is the one who first offers the greeting of peace.”
Thus, shunning for more than three days is forbidden; the estrangement ends when one gives the salām. As for