or else he should regard himself as a traveler who never settles at all; night and day he remains in one of these two states.
Al-Hasan al-Baṣrī said, “The believer is like a stranger: he is not shaken by the world’s humiliation, nor does he contend for its glory. He has his own concern, and people have theirs.”
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In some narrations the Prophet ﷺ said to Ibn ʿUmar: “Count yourself among the dead. When you reach morning, do not expect evening; and when you reach evening, do not expect morning. Take from your health for your illness, from your youth for your old age, from your leisure for your preoccupation, from your wealth for your poverty, and from your life for your death.”
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His statement, “When you reach evening do not await morning, and when you reach morning do not await evening,” is Ibn ʿUmar’s own speech—inserted into the ḥadith—and it means that a person should keep death before his eyes, hasten to acts of obedience, seize the moments with righteous deeds, and shorten his hopes so that he is not lulled by the world’s delusion. He is like a stranger or a wayfarer who does not know whether he will reach his homeland in the evening or in the morning, and the whole distance is but the few short days of his life.
Ibn Daqīq al-ʿĪd said: Ibn ʿUmar’s words are an exhortation to the believer to be perpetually prepared for death, and preparation for death is achieved through righteous deeds. They also urge us to shorten our hopes by acting—indeed, to begin the deed at once. Likewise, when you reach morning, do not speak to yourself about evening, thereby postponing the works of the morning until night.
Ibn Rajab said: Ibn ʿUmar’s counsel contains the ultimate form of shortened hope: when evening comes one does not expect morning, and when morning comes one does not expect evening; rather, he assumes that death will overtake him before that. This is the very definition of zuhd, the renunciation of worldly life.
Imām Aḥmad was asked, “What is it that makes a person renounce the world?” He replied, “Shortness of hope.” Sufyān said the same.