—and “moderation,” as recorded in Al-Muʿjam al-Wasīṭ.
What may be learned from the ḥadith:
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This noble ḥadith is among the finest admonitions. It is the most eloquent text for severing false hopes, reminding one of the appointed term, and impelling a person to act.
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The Prophet said, “Be in this world as though you were a stranger.” A stranger never relies on the land of exile, feels secure in it, settles down, or grows attached to it. He does not vie with its people for the trifles of this life, nor does he jostle them for their desires. His heart yearns for his homeland and speaks of nothing else. He is resolved to travel, determined to depart, and certain of his relocation. While living abroad he gives no importance to its inhabitants, nor is he ashamed to be seen in clothes or appearance that differ from theirs. The ḥadith therefore urges little social mixing and encourages renunciation of worldly life.
Abū al-Ḥasan said: A stranger is not expansive with people; he feels uneasy among them, for it is rare that he meets anyone who knows him well enough to put him at ease and mix with him often. Thus he remains humble and wary.
- Concerning the phrase “or a traveler along a road”: such a wayfarer never stays put, and no dwelling pleases him until he arrives at his own abode—the true home, the gathering place of loved ones and righteous companions.
Al-Nawawī said: Do not incline toward this world or take it as a homeland. Do not tell yourself that you will remain in it, and take from it only what a stranger would take in a land from which he intends to depart for his family. This is the meaning of the statement of Salmān al-Fārisī (may Allah be pleased with him): “My close friend ﷺ commanded me not to take from this world more than a traveler’s provisions.”
The ḥadith, then, is evidence for shortening one’s hopes and preparing for death.
ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz (d. 101 AH) said in a sermon: Since this world is neither a permanent residence nor a homeland, the believer should adopt one of two states: either he lives in it as a stranger in a foreign land, his only concern being to gather provisions for the journey back to his homeland.