1267 – Al-Mughīrah ibn Shuʿbah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Allah has made unlawful for you: ʿuqūq al-ummahāt (being undutiful to mothers), waʾd al-banāt (burying daughters alive), and manʿan wa-hāt (withholding what is due and demanding what is not yours); and He dislikes for you: qīla wa-qāl (idle ‘he-said / she-said’ talk), excessive questioning, and squandering wealth.” Agreed upon.⦗1⦘

Vocabulary of the ḥadith
• ʿUqūq al-ummahāt: ʿuqūq comes from ʿaqqahu / yaʿuqquhu ʿuqūqan, “to harm or disobey.” Al-ummahāt is the plural of ummahah, a lexical variant of umm that is used only for rational beings, unlike umm, which is broader. The prohibited ʿuqūq is to harm one’s mother in any non-trivial way. Mothers are singled out because of their vulnerability and the greatness of their right.
• Waʾd al-banāt: waʾd (burying alive) is pronounced with a fatḥah on the wāw, followed by a still hamzah and ending with a dāl. It is the verbal noun of waʾada / yaʾidu, “to bury alive,” a pre-Islamic practice among some Arab tribes motivated by fear of disgrace or poverty.
• Manʿan: withholding—namely, holding back whatever one is obliged to give, whether wealth, speech, actions, or good conduct.
• Wa-hāt: with a kasrah on the final tāʾ; an imperative verb meaning “Give!” The phrase forbids demanding rights to which one has no entitlement.
• Qīla wa-qāl: both words are past-tense verbs; the first is in the passive voice. Its original form was quwila; the vowel of the wāw was moved to the qāf after the wāw was stripped of its vowel, and the wāw was then changed to a yāʾ.