Tawḍīḥ al-AḥkāmAbd Allah al-Bassam

1233 – Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whichever Muslim man emancipates a Muslim man, Allah rescues—by virtue of every limb of the freed slave—a corresponding limb of his own from the Fire.” Agreed upon. (1)

Al-Tirmidhi narrates—and declares authentic—on the authority of Abu Umamah: “And whichever Muslim man emancipates two Muslim women, they will be his ransom from the Fire.” (2)

Abu Dawud records, from the report of Kaʿb ibn Murrah: “And whichever Muslim woman emancipates a Muslim woman, she will be her ransom from the Fire.” (3)

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Degree of authenticity:
The version related by al-Tirmidhi is sound; al-Tirmidhi himself graded it authentic, and al-Shawkani concurred. As for the narration found in Abu Dawud, Abu Dawud remained silent about it; therefore, it is deemed acceptable and suitable as evidence. Allah knows best.

Vocabulary notes:
• aymā (whichever): ay is a conditional particle that has taken the additional ma; the word imriʾin (“man”) may be read in the genitive as a construct or in the nominative as an apposition.
• imriʾ (man): The root marʾ—with three possible vowels on the mīm—means “man.” When the definite article is absent one says imruʾun, pronouncing the initial hamzat al-waṣl with a kasrah. Its irregular plural is rijāl (“men”). The feminine is imraʾah (“woman”), whose irregular plural is nisāʾ (“women”).

(1) Al-Bukhari, 2517; Muslim, 1509. (2) Al-Tirmidhi, 1547. (3) Abu Dawud, 3967.
١٢٣٣ - وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ﵁ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: "أَيُّمَا امْرِىءٍ مُسْلِمٍ أَعْتَقَ امْرَأً مُسْلِماً، اسْتَنْقَذَ اللهُ بِكُلِّ عُضْوٍ مِنْهُ عُضْواً مِنْهُ مِنَ النَّارِ" مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ (١). وَلِلتِّرْمِذِيِّ وَصَحَّحَهُ عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ: "وَأَيُّمَا امْرِىءٍ مُسْلِمٍ أَعْتَقَ امْرَأَتَيْنِ مُسْلِمَتَيْنِ، كَانَتَا فِكَاكَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ" (٢). ولأَبِي دَاوُدَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ: "وَأَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ مُسْلِمَةٍ أَعْتَقَتِ امْرَأَةً مُسْلِمَةً، كَانَتْ فِكَاكَهَا مِنَ النَّارِ" (٣). ــ * درجة الحديث: رواية الترمذي صحيحةٌ، صحَّحَهَا الترمذي، وتبعه الشوكاني، وأمَّا رواية أبي داود، فسكت عنها أبو داود؛ فهي مقبولة محتجٌّ بها، والله أعلم. * مفردات الحديث: - أيما: "أي" شرطية، مبتدأ دخلت عليها "ما" الزَّائدة، "امرىءٍ" يصلح فيها الجر على الإضافة، ويجوز فيها الرفع على البدلية. - امرىء: المرء مثَّلث الميم، هو الرجل، فإنْ لم تأت بالألف والَّلام، قلت: امرُؤٌ، بكسر همزة الوصل، جمعه: رجال من غير لفظه، والأنثى: امرأة جمعها: نساء من غير لفظها.
(١) البخاري (٢٥١٧)، مسلم (١٥٠٩). (٢) الترمذي (١٥٤٧). (٣) أبو داود (٣٩٦٧).

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