2 – Swearing by anything other than Allah or His attributes is forbidden, for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever feels compelled to swear, let him swear by Allah, otherwise let him remain silent.” Narrated by al-Bukhari (6108) and Muslim (1646).
Ibn Masʿūd (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “To swear by Allah while lying is dearer to me than to swear truthfully by someone other than Him.”
Shaykh al-Islam explained, “The merit of pure monotheism is greater than the merit of truthfulness, and the sin of lying is lighter than the sin of association.”
3 – The ninety-nine names of Allah are cited in al-Tirmidhi’s Sunan and in Ibn Ḥibbān’s Ṣaḥīḥ, yet the leading imams and ḥadith masters concur that the enumeration is not traced back to the Prophet ﷺ; it is instead an insertion from certain transmitters.
Shaykh al-Islam stated, “Those knowledgeable in ḥadith unanimously agree that specifying the names is not part of the Prophet’s words.”
Abū ’l-Wafāʾ Muḥammad Darwīsh said, “The names of Allah are many. Some He revealed in His scriptures and taught to His messengers and prophets, while others He kept to Himself, for human intellects are too limited to grasp their meaning or comprehend their hidden secrets. Evidence for this is the report recorded by Imām Aḥmad (3704) from Ibn Masʿūd, in which the Prophet ﷺ said: ‘I ask You by every name that is Yours—by which You have named Yourself, revealed in Your Book, taught to any of Your creation, or kept unto Yourself in the knowledge of the unseen that is with You.’”
Al-Nawawī commented, “The scholars unanimously hold that the ḥadith does not restrict Allah’s names to these ninety-nine, nor does it imply that He has no other names. Its purpose is simply that whoever enumerates these ninety-nine names will enter Paradise.”
4 – His words “whoever enumerates them will enter Paradise” mean memorising them, believing in them, understanding their implications, and acting in accordance with them.
5 – Ibn Baṭṭāl said: “The ways of acting upon them are that, regarding the names whose meanings one may imitate—such as al-Raḥīm (the Most Merciful)…"