fulfil the requirements of the sacrifice, nor does any animal that is similar in defect or even worse—such as one that is blind, has a leg cut off, and the like.
Al-Wazīr said: The scholars are unanimously agreed that it is impermissible to offer, as an ʾuḍḥiyah, the slaughter of an animal whose body is deficient by any defect.
8 – The ruling that these defects mentioned in the ḥadith—and anything more serious—invalidate the offering is not confined to the ʾuḍḥiyah. It applies equally to obligatory and voluntary hady, to the blood-sacrifice for tamattuʿ and qirān pilgrimages, and to the ʿaqīqah. In short, whatever is unacceptable for the ʾuḍḥiyah is unacceptable for every sacrificial animal offered as an act of devotion.
9 – During the 34th session of the Council of Senior Scholars, the Council considered the case of an ʾuḍḥiyah or hady that is slaughtered, with its illness discovered only after the slaughter. By a majority vote the Council ruled that the offering is valid, reasoning that at the moment of slaughter the illness was not obvious.
Some members dissented, maintaining that the offering is invalid if the illness becomes apparent only after slaughter; this is the view I hold, for I was among the dissenters. Their sole proof for validity was the wording “whose illness is obvious,” arguing that the illness was not obvious at the time of slaughter but appeared afterward.
In truth, the ḥadith places no condition on whether the illness is known before or after slaughter, and several scholars—among them Ibn Qudāmah, al-Nawawī, Ibn Hubayrah, and Ibn Ḥazm—have transmitted consensus on its invalidity.
Moreover, the aim of the hady, the ʾuḍḥiyah, and all other devotional sacrifices is the benefit they provide; if the benefit is absent, the purpose is lost. Allah the Exalted says, “Then, when they have fallen on their sides, eat of them and feed the contented and the beggar” (Q 22:36).
Likewise, a defect is legally recognised in sales both before and after the goods are lost.
Experts can detect an animal’s illness before slaughter, and it is their judgement that is relied upon in such matters. Allah knows best.