1122 – Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “On the day of Autās we captured some female prisoners who already had husbands, and the Companions felt uneasy about it. Thereupon Allah the Exalted revealed: ‘And [also forbidden to you are] married women, except those whom your right hands possess…’ (Q 4:24).” Recorded by Muslim (1).

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Vocabulary of the ḥadīth:
• sabayā: plural of sabiyyah. In al-Nihāyah: a sabiyyah is a woman taken as booty; its plural is sabayā.
• Autās: explained earlier; a place between Mecca and Ṭāʾif where a battle occurred between the Muslims and the disbelievers of the tribe of Hawāzin in Shawwāl, year eight AH, as an extension of the Battle of Ḥunayn.
• fa-taḥarrajū: they feared falling into ḥaraj, i.e., sin and wrongdoing.
• al-muḥṣanāt: from the root ḥ-ṣ-n, which revolves around protection and fortification. Al-Rāghib writes in Mufradāt al-Qurʾān: “al-ḥaṣān, in general, is a woman protected either by her own moral qualities, by her marriage, or by a deterrent stemming from her nobility or reputation.” In the Quran, muḥṣanāt carries four meanings—chaste women, Muslim women, free women, and married women; the last is intended here.

Points derived from the ḥadīth:
1 – When Muslims, through jihad, gain control over the women and offspring of the disbelievers, they become slaves immediately upon capture.