Tawḍīḥ al-Aḥkām - Abd Allah al-Bassam - (6/339)

Tawḍīḥ al-AḥkāmAbd Allah al-Bassam

Indeed, the sound collections report—on the authority of Umm ʿAṭiyyah—who said: “I went out with the Messenger ﷺ on seven expeditions. I would remain with the baggage, prepare food for them, treat the wounded, and look after the sick.”

9 – Jihad is obligatory: it is either a communal duty, or—under certain circumstances—an individual duty incumbent upon men.

10 – Pilgrimage (ḥajj) and ʿumrah are likened to jihad because all three involve travel, leaving one’s homeland, separation from family, the hazards of the journey, physical fatigue, and the spending of wealth.

11 – Jihad is therefore binding upon whoever is capable of it, just as ḥajj and ʿumrah are obligatory upon every capable Muslim.

12 – The three hadiths agree in highlighting the virtue of striving in the path of Allah, and numerous texts praise its excellence and immense reward.

Allah the Exalted says: “Indeed, Allah has purchased from the believers their lives and their wealth in exchange for Paradise: they fight in the path of Allah …” (al-Tawbah 111).

He also says: “Not equal are those believers who stay behind—except those who have a disability—and those who strive in the path of Allah with their wealth and their lives. Allah has favored those who strive with their wealth and their lives over those who stay behind by a degree …” (al-Nisāʾ 95).

And He says: “O you who believe! Shall I guide you to a transaction that will save you from a painful punishment? You believe in Allah and His Messenger and strive in the path of Allah with your wealth and your lives; that is best for you, if only you knew” (al-Ṣaff 10–11).

There are many other verses on this subject.

As for the hadiths:
• The two Ṣaḥīḥs relate from Abū Dharr that he asked, “O Messenger of Allah, which deed is best?” He replied, “Faith in Allah and striving in His path.”

• The two Ṣaḥīḥs also record from Anas that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “To set out in the morning or in the evening for the sake of Allah is better than the world and everything in it.”

The prophetic reports on this matter are exceedingly numerous.

فقد جاء في الصحيح من حديث أم عطية قالت: غزوت مع رسول ﷺ سبع غزوات، أخلفهم في رحالهم، فأصنع لهم الطعام، وأُداوي الجرحى، وأقوم على المرضى. ٩ - الجهاد واجب: فهو إما فرض كفاية، أو فرض عين في حق الرجال. ١٠ - تشبيه الحج والعمرة بالجهاد بجامع الأسفار، والبعد عن الأوطان، ومفارقة الأهل، وخطر الأسفار، وتعب البدن، وبذل الأموال. ١١ - وجوب الجهاد على القادر عليه؛ حيث شبِّه بالحج والعمرة، الواجبين على المسلم القادر. ١٢ - الأحاديث الثلاثة اشتركت في بيان فضل الجهاد في سبيل الله تعالى، وقد جاءت النصوص الكثيرة، في فضله وعِظم ثوابه. قال تعالى: ﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ اشْتَرَى مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ بِأَنَّ لَهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ يُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ﴾ [التوبة: ١١١]. وقال تعالى: ﴿لَا يَسْتَوِي الْقَاعِدُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ غَيْرُ أُولِي الضَّرَرِ وَالْمُجَاهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنْفُسِهِمْ فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنْفُسِهِمْ عَلَى الْقَاعِدِينَ دَرَجَةً﴾ [النساء: ٩٥]. وقال تعالى: ﴿يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا هَلْ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَى تِجَارَةٍ تُنْجِيكُمْ مِنْ عَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ (١٠) تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَتُجَاهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَنْفُسِكُمْ ذَلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ (١١)﴾ [الصف] الآية. والأيات في هذا الباب كثيرة. وأما الأحاديث، فمنها: ما رواه الشيخان عن أبي ذر قال: قلتُ: يَا رسول الله، أي العمل أفضل؟ قال: "الإيمان بالله، والجهاد في سبيله". وجاء في الصحيحين أيضًا من حديث أنس؛ أنَّ رسول الله ﷺ قَالَ: "لغَدْوَة في سبيل الله، أو رَوْحَة خير من الدنيا، وما فيها". والأحاديث في هذا كثيرة جدًّا.